AS/NZS 1554.1:1995
Structural steel welding - Welding of steel structures
Specifies materials of construction, weld preparations, weld qualities, qualification of welding procedures, qualification of welding personnel, and fabrication and inspection requirements for welds related to the arc welding of steelwork in structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections or castings and forgings. Tables of weld preparations are given for both butt and fillet welds which when welded in accordance with other specified requirements, are deemed prequalified and do not require qualification testing. Provides two categories of welds based on the type of application.
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AS/NZS 1554.1:1995 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING OF STEEL STRUCTURES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 INNOVATION
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 Fabricator
1.4.2 Inspecting authority
1.4.3 Inspector
1.4.4 May
1.4.5 Principal
1.4.6 Shall
1.4.7 Should
1.5 WELD CATEGORIES
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Categories
1.6 BASIC WELDING REQUIREMENTS
1.7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.7.1 Welding safety
1.7.2 Welding equipment
SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
2.1 PARENT MATERIAL
2.2 BACKING MATERIAL
2.2.1 Permanent backing material
2.2.2 Temporary backing
2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
2.3.1 Electrodes and filler wires
2.3.2 Care of electrodes and filler wires
2.3.3 Flux
2.3.4 Shielding gas
SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 Permissible weld types
3.1.2 Design requirements
3.1.3 Drawings
3.2 BUTT WELDS
3.2.1 Size of weld
3.2.2 Design throat thickness
3.2.3 Effective length
3.2.4 Effective area
3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
3.3 FILLET WELDS
3.3.1 Size of weld
3.3.2 Design throat thickness
3.3.3 Effective length
3.3.4 Effective area
3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
3.4.1 Description of compound weld
3.4.2 Design throat thickness
3.5 SEAL WELDS
3.5.1 Requirement
3.5.2 Size of seal weld
3.6 PLUG AND SLOT WELDS
3.6.1 Plug welds
3.6.2 Slot welds
3.6.3 Effective areas
3.7 WELDS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMBINING ROLLED STEEL SECTIONS
SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.4 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
4.4.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
4.4.4 Prequalified fillet welds
4.4.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
4.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
4.5.1 Prequalified welding consumables
4.5.2 Qualification of welding consumables by testing
4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
4.6.1 Method of qualification
4.6.2 Extent of testing
4.6.3 Preparation of special test piece
4.6.4 Dimensions of test pieces
4.6.5 Macro test
4.6.6 Transverse butt tensile test
4.6.7 Bend test
4.6.8 Charpy impact test
4.6.9 Hardness comparison test —parent metal and weld metal
4.6.10 Hardness test —heat-affected zone
4.6.11 Retests
4.7 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
4.8 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
4.8.1 Single process each side of a weld
4.8.2 Combination of processes on the same side of a joint
4.9 RECORDS OF TESTS
4.10 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
4.10.1 Changes in essential variables requiring requalification of welding procedure
4.10.2 Minor changes requiring requalification of welding procedure by macro test
4.11 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
4.11.1 Welding supervisor
4.11.2 Welders
SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
5.1 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Thermal cutting
5.2 ASSEMBLY
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Alignment of butt welded joints
5.2.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
5.2.4 Separation of a backing material
5.3 PREHEATING AND INTERRUN CONTROL
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Need for preheating
5.3.3 Extent of preheating and cooling after welding
5.3.4 Determination of preheating temperature
5.4 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
5.4.1 Rain, snow, wind, condensation
5.4.2 Low temperature
5.5 TACK WELDS
5.6 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
5.7 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Welding and cutting under stress
5.7.3 Peening
5.7.4 Correction of distortion
5.8 REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Grinding
5.9 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
5.10 ARC STRIKES
5.11 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
5.12 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
6.1 CATEGORIES OF WELDS
6.2 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
6.2.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
6.2.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
6.2.3 Adjacent imperfections
6.2.4 Qualifications of welding procedure by macro test and side-bend test
6.3 RADIOGRAPHY
6.3.1 Method
6.3.2 IQI sensitivity
6.3.3 Acceptance limits
6.4 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
6.4.1 Method
6.4.2 Equipment requirements
6.4.3 Evaluation
6.4.4 Acceptance Limits
6.5 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
6.5.1 Method
6.5.2 Acceptance limits
6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
6.6.1 Method
6.6.2 Acceptance limits
6.7 WELD DEFECTS
6.8 REPORTING
SECTION 7 INSPECTION
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL EXAMINATION
7.4.1 Extent of non-destructive examination
7.4.2 Personnel and operator requirements
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - BRITTLE FRACTURE
B1 METHODS
B2 NOTCH-DUCTILE RANGE METHOD
B3 DESIGN SERVICE TEMPERATURE
B3.1 Basic design temperature
B3.2 Modifications to the basic design temperature
B4 MATERIAL SELECTION
B4.1 Selection of steel type
B4.2 Limitations
B4.3 Modification for certain applications
B5 FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX C - A SUITABLE FORM OF WELDING PROCEDURE SHEET
APPENDIX D - METHOD FOR JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D1 PREQUALIFIED JOINT IDENTIFICATION
D2 PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D3 EXAMPLE
APPENDIX E - CHECK LIST OF MATTERS FOR DISCUSSION
APPENDIX F - SUGGESTED EXTENT OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
Amendments
Previous versions
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Related Information
Approved Code Of Practice For Operator Protective Structures On Self-Propelled Mobile Mechanical Plant
Ministry: WorkSafe New Zealand: Energy Safety
Section: 7.5 WELDING REQUIREMENT STANDARDS
Citation context:Any welding of the structure and attachments is to be undertaken only by a currently certified welder and must comply with the requirements of the NZ Standards such as AS/NZS 1554.1.1995.
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AS/NZS 1554.1:1995 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING OF STEEL STRUCTURES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 INNOVATION
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 Fabricator
1.4.2 Inspecting authority
1.4.3 Inspector
1.4.4 May
1.4.5 Principal
1.4.6 Shall
1.4.7 Should
1.5 WELD CATEGORIES
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Categories
1.6 BASIC WELDING REQUIREMENTS
1.7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.7.1 Welding safety
1.7.2 Welding equipment
SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
2.1 PARENT MATERIAL
2.2 BACKING MATERIAL
2.2.1 Permanent backing material
2.2.2 Temporary backing
2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
2.3.1 Electrodes and filler wires
2.3.2 Care of electrodes and filler wires
2.3.3 Flux
2.3.4 Shielding gas
SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 Permissible weld types
3.1.2 Design requirements
3.1.3 Drawings
3.2 BUTT WELDS
3.2.1 Size of weld
3.2.2 Design throat thickness
3.2.3 Effective length
3.2.4 Effective area
3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
3.3 FILLET WELDS
3.3.1 Size of weld
3.3.2 Design throat thickness
3.3.3 Effective length
3.3.4 Effective area
3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
3.4.1 Description of compound weld
3.4.2 Design throat thickness
3.5 SEAL WELDS
3.5.1 Requirement
3.5.2 Size of seal weld
3.6 PLUG AND SLOT WELDS
3.6.1 Plug welds
3.6.2 Slot welds
3.6.3 Effective areas
3.7 WELDS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMBINING ROLLED STEEL SECTIONS
SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.4 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
4.4.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
4.4.4 Prequalified fillet welds
4.4.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
4.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
4.5.1 Prequalified welding consumables
4.5.2 Qualification of welding consumables by testing
4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
4.6.1 Method of qualification
4.6.2 Extent of testing
4.6.3 Preparation of special test piece
4.6.4 Dimensions of test pieces
4.6.5 Macro test
4.6.6 Transverse butt tensile test
4.6.7 Bend test
4.6.8 Charpy impact test
4.6.9 Hardness comparison test —parent metal and weld metal
4.6.10 Hardness test —heat-affected zone
4.6.11 Retests
4.7 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
4.8 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
4.8.1 Single process each side of a weld
4.8.2 Combination of processes on the same side of a joint
4.9 RECORDS OF TESTS
4.10 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
4.10.1 Changes in essential variables requiring requalification of welding procedure
4.10.2 Minor changes requiring requalification of welding procedure by macro test
4.11 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
4.11.1 Welding supervisor
4.11.2 Welders
SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
5.1 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Thermal cutting
5.2 ASSEMBLY
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Alignment of butt welded joints
5.2.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
5.2.4 Separation of a backing material
5.3 PREHEATING AND INTERRUN CONTROL
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Need for preheating
5.3.3 Extent of preheating and cooling after welding
5.3.4 Determination of preheating temperature
5.4 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
5.4.1 Rain, snow, wind, condensation
5.4.2 Low temperature
5.5 TACK WELDS
5.6 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
5.7 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Welding and cutting under stress
5.7.3 Peening
5.7.4 Correction of distortion
5.8 REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Grinding
5.9 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
5.10 ARC STRIKES
5.11 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
5.12 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
6.1 CATEGORIES OF WELDS
6.2 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
6.2.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
6.2.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
6.2.3 Adjacent imperfections
6.2.4 Qualifications of welding procedure by macro test and side-bend test
6.3 RADIOGRAPHY
6.3.1 Method
6.3.2 IQI sensitivity
6.3.3 Acceptance limits
6.4 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
6.4.1 Method
6.4.2 Equipment requirements
6.4.3 Evaluation
6.4.4 Acceptance Limits
6.5 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
6.5.1 Method
6.5.2 Acceptance limits
6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
6.6.1 Method
6.6.2 Acceptance limits
6.7 WELD DEFECTS
6.8 REPORTING
SECTION 7 INSPECTION
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL EXAMINATION
7.4.1 Extent of non-destructive examination
7.4.2 Personnel and operator requirements
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - BRITTLE FRACTURE
B1 METHODS
B2 NOTCH-DUCTILE RANGE METHOD
B3 DESIGN SERVICE TEMPERATURE
B3.1 Basic design temperature
B3.2 Modifications to the basic design temperature
B4 MATERIAL SELECTION
B4.1 Selection of steel type
B4.2 Limitations
B4.3 Modification for certain applications
B5 FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX C - A SUITABLE FORM OF WELDING PROCEDURE SHEET
APPENDIX D - METHOD FOR JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D1 PREQUALIFIED JOINT IDENTIFICATION
D2 PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D3 EXAMPLE
APPENDIX E - CHECK LIST OF MATTERS FOR DISCUSSION
APPENDIX F - SUGGESTED EXTENT OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
Amendments
Previous versions
AS/NZS 1554.1:1995
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.