ISO 8401:2017
Metallic coatings — Review of methods of measurement of ductility
ISO 8401:2017 specifies general methods for measuring the ductility of metallic coatings of thickness below 200 μm prepared by electroplating, autocatalytic deposition or other processes.
It is applicable to the following methods:
- tests on unsupported foils (separated from the substrate);
- tests of coatings on substrates.
It does not apply to International Standards that include specific methods of testing for individual coatings. In these cases, the methods specified are used in preference to the methods described in this document and are agreed upon beforehand by the supplier and the purchaser.
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Tests on unsupported foils
5.1 General
5.2 Tensile testing
5.2.1 Principle
5.2.2 Apparatus
5.2.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.2.4 Procedure
5.2.5 Expression of results
5.2.6 Notes on procedure
5.3 Bending (micrometer bend test)
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Apparatus
5.3.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.3.4 Procedure
5.3.5 Expression of results
5.4 Folding (vice-bend test)
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Apparatus
5.4.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.4.4 Procedure
5.4.5 Results
5.5 Hydraulic bulging
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Principle
5.5.3 Apparatus
5.5.4 Procedure
5.5.5 Expression of results
5.5.6 Notes on procedure
5.6 Mechanical bulging
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Apparatus
5.6.3 Procedure
5.6.4 Expression of results
5.6.5 Special cases
6 Tests on coatings on substrates
6.1 General
6.2 Tensile testing
6.2.1 Apparatus
6.2.2 Preparation of test pieces
6.2.3 Procedure
6.3 Three-point bending[10]
6.3.1 Principle
6.3.2 Apparatus
6.3.3 Procedure
6.3.4 Expression of results
6.4 Four-point bending[11]
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Expression of results
6.5 Cylindrical mandrel bending
6.5.1 Principle
6.5.2 Apparatus
6.5.3 Preparation of test pieces
6.5.4 Procedure
6.5.5 Expression of results
6.5.6 Notes on procedure
6.6 Spiral mandrel bending
6.6.1 Principle
6.6.2 Apparatus
6.6.3 Procedure
6.6.4 Expression of results
6.7 Conical mandrel bending
6.7.1 Principle
6.7.2 Apparatus
6.7.3 Procedure
6.7.4 Expression of results
6.7.5 Special cases
6.8 Mechanical bulging
6.8.1 Apparatus
6.8.2 Preparation of test pieces
6.8.3 Procedure
6.8.4 Expression of results
7 Selection of test method
8 Test report
Annex A (informative) Methods of producing foils
Annex B (informative) Calculation of ductility when increasing the surface area of a foil (bulging)
Annex C (informative) Calculation of ductility and tensile strength in the hydraulic bulge test
Annex D (informative) Calculation of ductility in the mechanical bulge test
Bibliography
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Tests on unsupported foils
5.1 General
5.2 Tensile testing
5.2.1 Principle
5.2.2 Apparatus
5.2.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.2.4 Procedure
5.2.5 Expression of results
5.2.6 Notes on procedure
5.3 Bending (micrometer bend test)
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Apparatus
5.3.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.3.4 Procedure
5.3.5 Expression of results
5.4 Folding (vice-bend test)
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Apparatus
5.4.3 Preparation of test pieces
5.4.4 Procedure
5.4.5 Results
5.5 Hydraulic bulging
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Principle
5.5.3 Apparatus
5.5.4 Procedure
5.5.5 Expression of results
5.5.6 Notes on procedure
5.6 Mechanical bulging
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Apparatus
5.6.3 Procedure
5.6.4 Expression of results
5.6.5 Special cases
6 Tests on coatings on substrates
6.1 General
6.2 Tensile testing
6.2.1 Apparatus
6.2.2 Preparation of test pieces
6.2.3 Procedure
6.3 Three-point bending[10]
6.3.1 Principle
6.3.2 Apparatus
6.3.3 Procedure
6.3.4 Expression of results
6.4 Four-point bending[11]
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Expression of results
6.5 Cylindrical mandrel bending
6.5.1 Principle
6.5.2 Apparatus
6.5.3 Preparation of test pieces
6.5.4 Procedure
6.5.5 Expression of results
6.5.6 Notes on procedure
6.6 Spiral mandrel bending
6.6.1 Principle
6.6.2 Apparatus
6.6.3 Procedure
6.6.4 Expression of results
6.7 Conical mandrel bending
6.7.1 Principle
6.7.2 Apparatus
6.7.3 Procedure
6.7.4 Expression of results
6.7.5 Special cases
6.8 Mechanical bulging
6.8.1 Apparatus
6.8.2 Preparation of test pieces
6.8.3 Procedure
6.8.4 Expression of results
7 Selection of test method
8 Test report
Annex A (informative) Methods of producing foils
Annex B (informative) Calculation of ductility when increasing the surface area of a foil (bulging)
Annex C (informative) Calculation of ductility and tensile strength in the hydraulic bulge test
Annex D (informative) Calculation of ductility in the mechanical bulge test
Bibliography