AS/NZS ISO 19107:2020
Geographic information - Spatial schema
Objective of this Standard is to specify conceptual schemas for describing the spatial characteristics of geographic entities, and a set of spatial operations consistent with these schemas. It treats "vector" geometry and topology. It defines standard spatial operations for use in access, query, management, processing and data exchange of geographic information for spatial (geometric and topological) objects. Because of the nature of geographic information, these geometric coordinate spaces will normally have up to three spatial dimensions, one temporal dimension and any number of other spatially dependent parameters as needed by the applications. In general, the topological dimension of the spatial projections of the geometric objects will be at most three. This Standard is identical with, and has been reproduced from, ISO 19107:2019, Geographic information - Spatial schema.
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AS/NZS ISO 19107:2020 Spatial schema
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols, notation and abbreviated terms
4.1 Presentation and notation
4.1.1 Unified Modeling Language (UML)
4.1.2 Naming conventions
4.2 Organization
4.3 Abbreviated terms and symbols
5 Conformance
5.1 Requirements class conformance targets
5.1.1 Conformance targets
5.1.2 Geometry metrics (geodesy)
5.1.3 Topological dimensionality
5.1.4 Interpolation schemes
5.1.5 Structural complexity
5.1.6 Functional complexity
5.2 Conformance classes
5.3 Requirements classes
6 Coordinates and core geometry
6.1 Semantics
6.2 Requirements Class Coordinate
6.2.1 Codelists to specify capabilities
6.2.2 Coordinate systems for Geometry — Semantics
6.2.3 GeometricReferenceSurface
6.2.4 Interface ReferenceSystem
6.2.5 Codelist ReferenceSystemTypes
6.2.6 Interface CompoundReferenceSystem
6.2.7 Interface HomogeneousCoordinateSystem
6.2.8 Interface GeometricCoordinateSystem
6.2.9 Datatype DirectPosition
6.2.10 Union Datatype RSID
6.2.11 Codelist Axis
6.2.12 Role metadata: AxisDescription
6.2.13 Datatype Axis Description
6.2.14 Codelist SpatialAxis
6.2.15 Codelist SphericalAxis
6.2.16 Codelist TemporalAxis
6.2.17 Codelist ParametricAxis
6.2.18 Codelist Datum
6.2.19 Datatype Parameter
6.2.20 Datatype Permutation, Projection
6.2.21 Interface ReferenceDirection
6.2.22 Datatype Bearing
6.2.23 Codelist Rotation
6.2.24 Codelist RelativeDirection
6.2.25 Codelist FixedDirection
6.2.26 Codelist CurveRelativeDirection
6.2.27 Datatype Vector
6.2.28 Interface Envelope
6.2.29 Engineering coordinate systems, Tangent spaces and local interpolations
6.3 Requirements Class Coordinate Data
6.4 Requirements Class Geometry
6.4.1 Semantics
6.4.2 Interface TransfiniteSetOfDirectPositions
6.4.3 CodeList: BoundaryType
6.4.4 Interface Geometry
6.4.5 Datatype GeometryData
6.4.6 CodeList: GeometryType
6.4.7 Interface Encoding
6.4.8 Interface Query2D
6.4.9 Interface Query3D
6.4.10 Interface Empty
6.4.11 Interface Primitive
6.4.12 Datatype PrimitiveData
6.4.13 Interface Point
6.4.14 Datatype PointData
6.4.15 Interface Orientable
6.4.16 Datatype OrientableData
6.4.17 Datatype Knot
6.4.18 Interface Curve
6.4.19 DataType CurveData
6.4.20 Interface OffsetCurve
6.4.21 Datatype OffsetCurveData
6.4.22 Interface ProductCurve
6.4.23 ProductCurveData
6.4.24 CodeList: CurveInterpolation
6.4.25 Interface Surface
6.4.26 Datatype SurfaceData
6.4.27 CodeList: SurfaceInterpolation
6.4.28 Interface Solid
6.4.29 Datatype SolidData
6.4.30 CodeList: SolidInterpolation
6.4.31 Interface Collection
6.4.32 Role element: Geometry
6.4.33 DataType CollectionData
6.4.34 Interface Complex
6.4.35 Role Complex: generator: Primitive
6.4.36 Role Complex: superComplex and subComplex
6.5 Requirements Class Geometry Data
7 Interpolations for Curves
7.1 Requirements Class Line Curve
7.1.1 Semantics
7.1.2 Interface Line
7.1.3 DataType LineData
7.2 Requirements Class Line Data
7.3 Requirements Class Geodesic Curve
7.3.1 Semantics
7.3.2 Interface Geodesic
7.3.3 DataType GeodesicData
7.4 Requirements Class Geodesic Curve Data
7.5 Requirements Class Rhumb
7.5.1 Interface Rhumb
7.5.2 DataType RhumbData
7.6 Requirements Class Rhumb Curve Data
7.7 Requirements Class Polynomial Curves
7.7.1 Semantics
7.7.2 Interface RealFunction
7.7.3 Interface FunctionArc
7.7.4 Association Role function
7.7.5 Interface FunctionCurve
7.7.6 Interface RealPolynomial
7.7.7 Interface PolynomialArc
7.7.8 Datatype PolynomialArcData
7.7.9 Interface PolynomialCurve
7.7.10 DataType PolynomialCurveData
7.8 Requirements Class Polynomial Curve Data
7.9 Requirements Class Conic Curves
7.9.1 Semantics
7.9.2 Interface Arc
7.9.3 Datatype ArcData
7.9.4 Interface Circle
7.9.5 Interface Conic
7.9.6 Interface EllipticArc, Datatype EllipticArcData
7.10 Requirements Class Conic Curve Data
7.11 Requirements Class Spiral Curve
7.11.1 Semantics, Mathematical background: curves and curvature
7.11.2 Interface Spiral Curves
7.11.3 Interface Clothoid Curve
7.11.4 Datatype SpiralData
7.12 Requirements Class Spiral Curve Data
7.13 Requirements Class Spline Curve
7.13.1 Semantics
7.13.2 CodeList: KnotType
7.13.3 CodeList: SplineCurveForm
7.13.4 Interface SplineCurve
7.13.5 Interface PolynomialSpline
7.13.6 Interface CubicSpline
7.13.7 Interface Bezier
7.13.8 Interface BSplineCurve (and NURBS)
7.13.9 DataType BsplineData
7.14 Requirements Class Spline Curve Data
8 Interpolations for Surfaces
8.1 Requirements Class Polygon Surface
8.1.1 Semantics
8.1.2 Interface Polygon
8.1.3 Datatype PolygonData
8.1.4 Interface PolyhedralSurface
8.1.5 Datatype PolyhedralSurfaceData
8.1.6 Interface Triangle
8.1.7 Datatype TriangleData
8.1.8 Interface TriangulatedSurface
8.1.9 Datatype TriangulatedSurfaceData
8.2 Requirements Class Polygon Surface Data
8.3 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Surface
8.3.1 Semantics
8.3.2 Interface ParametricCurveSurface
8.3.3 Datatype ParametricCurveSurfaceData
8.3.4 Interface BilinearGrid
8.3.5 Extensions of ParametricCurveSurface
8.4 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Surface Data
8.5 Requirements Class Conic Surface
8.5.1 Semantics
8.5.2 Interface Sphere
8.5.3 Interface Cone
8.5.4 Interface Cylinder
8.6 Requirements Class Conic Surface Data
8.7 Requirements Class Spline Surface
8.7.1 Semantics
8.7.2 Interface BSplineSurface (and NURBS)
8.7.3 Codelist BSplineSurfaceForm
8.8 Requirements Class Spline Surface Data
9 Interpolations for Solids
9.1 Requirements Class Boundary Representation Solid
9.2 Requirements Class Boundary Representation Solid Data
9.3 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Solid
9.3.1 Interface ParametricCurveSolid
9.3.2 Interface BSolidSpline
9.3.3 Other interpolations
9.4 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Solid Data
10 Topology
10.1 Requirements Class Topology root
10.1.1 Semantics
10.1.2 Interface Topology
10.1.3 Interface Primitive
10.1.4 Interface DirectedTopo
10.1.5 Datatype TopologyData
10.1.6 DataType PrimitiveData
10.1.7 DataType ComplexData
10.1.8 Datatype Expression
10.1.9 Datatype ExpressionTerm
10.2 Requirements Class Topology Root Data
10.3 Requirements Class Node
10.3.1 Semantics
10.3.2 Interface Node
10.3.3 Interface DirectedNode
10.4 Requirements Class Edge
10.4.1 Interface Edge
10.4.2 Interface DirectedEdge
10.5 Requirements Class Face
10.5.1 Semantics
10.5.2 Interface Face
10.5.3 Interface DirectedFace
10.6 Requirements Class Topology Solid
10.6.1 Interface Solid
10.6.2 Interface DirectedSolid
10.7 Requirements Class Topological Complex
10.7.1 Semantics
10.7.2 Interface Complex
10.8 Requirements Class Derived Topological Relations
10.8.1 Introduction
10.8.2 Canonical form for Geometry
10.8.3 Boundary operators for aggregate objects
10.8.4 Boolean or set operators
10.8.5 Egenhofer operators
10.8.6 Full topological operators
10.8.7 Combinations
11 Special Requirements Classes
11.1 Requirements Class Simplicial geometry
11.1.1 Semantics
11.1.2 Datatype Simplex
11.1.3 DataType SimplicialTerm
11.1.4 DataType::SimplicialPolynomial
11.1.5 DataType::SimplicialComplex
11.2 Requirements Class Point Clouds
11.2.1 Semantics
11.2.2 Interface PointCloud
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite
Annex B (informative) Examples for application schemas
Annex C (informative) MiniTopo
Annex D (informative) Crosswalk 19107:2003 to current version
Bibliography
Previous versions
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AS/NZS ISO 19107:2020 Spatial schema
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols, notation and abbreviated terms
4.1 Presentation and notation
4.1.1 Unified Modeling Language (UML)
4.1.2 Naming conventions
4.2 Organization
4.3 Abbreviated terms and symbols
5 Conformance
5.1 Requirements class conformance targets
5.1.1 Conformance targets
5.1.2 Geometry metrics (geodesy)
5.1.3 Topological dimensionality
5.1.4 Interpolation schemes
5.1.5 Structural complexity
5.1.6 Functional complexity
5.2 Conformance classes
5.3 Requirements classes
6 Coordinates and core geometry
6.1 Semantics
6.2 Requirements Class Coordinate
6.2.1 Codelists to specify capabilities
6.2.2 Coordinate systems for Geometry — Semantics
6.2.3 GeometricReferenceSurface
6.2.4 Interface ReferenceSystem
6.2.5 Codelist ReferenceSystemTypes
6.2.6 Interface CompoundReferenceSystem
6.2.7 Interface HomogeneousCoordinateSystem
6.2.8 Interface GeometricCoordinateSystem
6.2.9 Datatype DirectPosition
6.2.10 Union Datatype RSID
6.2.11 Codelist Axis
6.2.12 Role metadata: AxisDescription
6.2.13 Datatype Axis Description
6.2.14 Codelist SpatialAxis
6.2.15 Codelist SphericalAxis
6.2.16 Codelist TemporalAxis
6.2.17 Codelist ParametricAxis
6.2.18 Codelist Datum
6.2.19 Datatype Parameter
6.2.20 Datatype Permutation, Projection
6.2.21 Interface ReferenceDirection
6.2.22 Datatype Bearing
6.2.23 Codelist Rotation
6.2.24 Codelist RelativeDirection
6.2.25 Codelist FixedDirection
6.2.26 Codelist CurveRelativeDirection
6.2.27 Datatype Vector
6.2.28 Interface Envelope
6.2.29 Engineering coordinate systems, Tangent spaces and local interpolations
6.3 Requirements Class Coordinate Data
6.4 Requirements Class Geometry
6.4.1 Semantics
6.4.2 Interface TransfiniteSetOfDirectPositions
6.4.3 CodeList: BoundaryType
6.4.4 Interface Geometry
6.4.5 Datatype GeometryData
6.4.6 CodeList: GeometryType
6.4.7 Interface Encoding
6.4.8 Interface Query2D
6.4.9 Interface Query3D
6.4.10 Interface Empty
6.4.11 Interface Primitive
6.4.12 Datatype PrimitiveData
6.4.13 Interface Point
6.4.14 Datatype PointData
6.4.15 Interface Orientable
6.4.16 Datatype OrientableData
6.4.17 Datatype Knot
6.4.18 Interface Curve
6.4.19 DataType CurveData
6.4.20 Interface OffsetCurve
6.4.21 Datatype OffsetCurveData
6.4.22 Interface ProductCurve
6.4.23 ProductCurveData
6.4.24 CodeList: CurveInterpolation
6.4.25 Interface Surface
6.4.26 Datatype SurfaceData
6.4.27 CodeList: SurfaceInterpolation
6.4.28 Interface Solid
6.4.29 Datatype SolidData
6.4.30 CodeList: SolidInterpolation
6.4.31 Interface Collection
6.4.32 Role element: Geometry
6.4.33 DataType CollectionData
6.4.34 Interface Complex
6.4.35 Role Complex: generator: Primitive
6.4.36 Role Complex: superComplex and subComplex
6.5 Requirements Class Geometry Data
7 Interpolations for Curves
7.1 Requirements Class Line Curve
7.1.1 Semantics
7.1.2 Interface Line
7.1.3 DataType LineData
7.2 Requirements Class Line Data
7.3 Requirements Class Geodesic Curve
7.3.1 Semantics
7.3.2 Interface Geodesic
7.3.3 DataType GeodesicData
7.4 Requirements Class Geodesic Curve Data
7.5 Requirements Class Rhumb
7.5.1 Interface Rhumb
7.5.2 DataType RhumbData
7.6 Requirements Class Rhumb Curve Data
7.7 Requirements Class Polynomial Curves
7.7.1 Semantics
7.7.2 Interface RealFunction
7.7.3 Interface FunctionArc
7.7.4 Association Role function
7.7.5 Interface FunctionCurve
7.7.6 Interface RealPolynomial
7.7.7 Interface PolynomialArc
7.7.8 Datatype PolynomialArcData
7.7.9 Interface PolynomialCurve
7.7.10 DataType PolynomialCurveData
7.8 Requirements Class Polynomial Curve Data
7.9 Requirements Class Conic Curves
7.9.1 Semantics
7.9.2 Interface Arc
7.9.3 Datatype ArcData
7.9.4 Interface Circle
7.9.5 Interface Conic
7.9.6 Interface EllipticArc, Datatype EllipticArcData
7.10 Requirements Class Conic Curve Data
7.11 Requirements Class Spiral Curve
7.11.1 Semantics, Mathematical background: curves and curvature
7.11.2 Interface Spiral Curves
7.11.3 Interface Clothoid Curve
7.11.4 Datatype SpiralData
7.12 Requirements Class Spiral Curve Data
7.13 Requirements Class Spline Curve
7.13.1 Semantics
7.13.2 CodeList: KnotType
7.13.3 CodeList: SplineCurveForm
7.13.4 Interface SplineCurve
7.13.5 Interface PolynomialSpline
7.13.6 Interface CubicSpline
7.13.7 Interface Bezier
7.13.8 Interface BSplineCurve (and NURBS)
7.13.9 DataType BsplineData
7.14 Requirements Class Spline Curve Data
8 Interpolations for Surfaces
8.1 Requirements Class Polygon Surface
8.1.1 Semantics
8.1.2 Interface Polygon
8.1.3 Datatype PolygonData
8.1.4 Interface PolyhedralSurface
8.1.5 Datatype PolyhedralSurfaceData
8.1.6 Interface Triangle
8.1.7 Datatype TriangleData
8.1.8 Interface TriangulatedSurface
8.1.9 Datatype TriangulatedSurfaceData
8.2 Requirements Class Polygon Surface Data
8.3 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Surface
8.3.1 Semantics
8.3.2 Interface ParametricCurveSurface
8.3.3 Datatype ParametricCurveSurfaceData
8.3.4 Interface BilinearGrid
8.3.5 Extensions of ParametricCurveSurface
8.4 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Surface Data
8.5 Requirements Class Conic Surface
8.5.1 Semantics
8.5.2 Interface Sphere
8.5.3 Interface Cone
8.5.4 Interface Cylinder
8.6 Requirements Class Conic Surface Data
8.7 Requirements Class Spline Surface
8.7.1 Semantics
8.7.2 Interface BSplineSurface (and NURBS)
8.7.3 Codelist BSplineSurfaceForm
8.8 Requirements Class Spline Surface Data
9 Interpolations for Solids
9.1 Requirements Class Boundary Representation Solid
9.2 Requirements Class Boundary Representation Solid Data
9.3 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Solid
9.3.1 Interface ParametricCurveSolid
9.3.2 Interface BSolidSpline
9.3.3 Other interpolations
9.4 Requirements Class Parametric Curve Solid Data
10 Topology
10.1 Requirements Class Topology root
10.1.1 Semantics
10.1.2 Interface Topology
10.1.3 Interface Primitive
10.1.4 Interface DirectedTopo
10.1.5 Datatype TopologyData
10.1.6 DataType PrimitiveData
10.1.7 DataType ComplexData
10.1.8 Datatype Expression
10.1.9 Datatype ExpressionTerm
10.2 Requirements Class Topology Root Data
10.3 Requirements Class Node
10.3.1 Semantics
10.3.2 Interface Node
10.3.3 Interface DirectedNode
10.4 Requirements Class Edge
10.4.1 Interface Edge
10.4.2 Interface DirectedEdge
10.5 Requirements Class Face
10.5.1 Semantics
10.5.2 Interface Face
10.5.3 Interface DirectedFace
10.6 Requirements Class Topology Solid
10.6.1 Interface Solid
10.6.2 Interface DirectedSolid
10.7 Requirements Class Topological Complex
10.7.1 Semantics
10.7.2 Interface Complex
10.8 Requirements Class Derived Topological Relations
10.8.1 Introduction
10.8.2 Canonical form for Geometry
10.8.3 Boundary operators for aggregate objects
10.8.4 Boolean or set operators
10.8.5 Egenhofer operators
10.8.6 Full topological operators
10.8.7 Combinations
11 Special Requirements Classes
11.1 Requirements Class Simplicial geometry
11.1.1 Semantics
11.1.2 Datatype Simplex
11.1.3 DataType SimplicialTerm
11.1.4 DataType::SimplicialPolynomial
11.1.5 DataType::SimplicialComplex
11.2 Requirements Class Point Clouds
11.2.1 Semantics
11.2.2 Interface PointCloud
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite
Annex B (informative) Examples for application schemas
Annex C (informative) MiniTopo
Annex D (informative) Crosswalk 19107:2003 to current version
Bibliography
Previous versions
AS/NZS ISO 19107:2020
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.