AS/NZS 4777.2:2015
Grid connection of energy systems via inverters - Part 2: Inverter requirements
Specifies minimum performance and safety requirements for the design, construction and operation of inverters intended for use in inverter energy systems for the injection of electric power through an electrical installation into the grid.
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PREFACE
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 SCOPE
2 APPLICATION
3 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
4 DEFINITIONS
4.1 Active anti-islanding protection
4.2 Displacement power factor
4.3 Fixed equipment
4.4 Grid
4.5 Grid interactive inverter
4.6 Grid test voltage
4.7 Inverter
4.8 Inverter energy system
4.9 Islanding
4.10 Multiple mode inverter (MMI)
4.11 Passive anti-islanding protection
4.12 Permanently connected
4.13 Pluggable equipment type A
4.14 Pluggable equipment type B
4.15 Port
4.16 Portable equipment
4.17 Rated
4.18 Rated apparent power
4.19 Rated current
4.20 Ripple control
4.21 Single-phase
4.22 Stand-alone functionality
4.23 Three-phase
5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1 Electrical safety
5.2 Provision for external connections
5.3 Photovoltaic (PV) array earth fault/earth leakage detection
5.4 Compatibility with electrical installation
5.5 Power factor
5.6 Harmonic currents
5.7 Voltage fluctuations and flicker
5.8 Transient voltage limits
5.9 D.C. current injection
5.10 Current balance for three-phase inverters
6 OPERATIONAL MODES AND MULTIPLE MODE INVERTERS
6.1 General
6.2 Inverter demand response modes (DRMs)
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Interaction with demand response enabling device (DRED)
6.3 Inverter power quality response modes
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Volt response modes
6.3.3 Fixed power factor mode and reactive power mode
6.3.4 Characteristic power factor curve for cos ? (P) (Power response)
6.3.5 Power rate limit
6.4 Multiple mode inverter operation
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Sinusoidal output in stand-alone mode
6.4.3 Volt–watt response mode for charging of energy storage
6.5 Security of operational settings
7 PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS FOR CONNECTION TO ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND THE GRID
7.1 General
7.2 Automatic disconnection device
7.3 Active anti-islanding protection
7.4 Voltage and frequency limits (passive anti-islanding protection)
7.5 Limits for sustained operation
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Sustained operation for voltage variations
7.5.3 Sustained operation for frequency variations
7.6 Disconnection on external signal
7.7 Connection and reconnection procedure
7.8 Security of protection settings
8 MULTIPLE INVERTER COMBINATIONS
8.1 General
8.2 Inverter current balance across multiple phases
8.3 Grid disconnection
8.4 Grid connection and reconnection
8.5 Testing combinations
8.5.1 Single-phase combinations
8.5.2 Single-phase inverters used in three-phase combinations
8.5.3 Required tests for multiple inverter combinations
8.5.4 Multiple inverters with one automatic disconnection device
9 INVERTER MARKING AND DOCUMENTATION
9.1 General
9.2 Marking
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Equipment ratings
9.2.3 Ports
9.2.4 External and ancillary equipment
9.2.5 Residual current devices (RCDs)
9.2.6 Demand response modes
9.3 Documentation
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Equipment ratings
9.3.3 Ports
9.3.4 External and ancillary equipment
9.3.5 RCDs
9.3.6 Multiple mode inverters
9.3.7 Multiple inverter combinations
APPENDIX A - GENERAL TEST AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
A1 GENERAL
A2 TEST CONDITIONS
A3 INVERTER SET-UP
A4 GRID SOURCE
A5 REFERENCE NETWORK IMPEDANCE
APPENDIX B - POWER FACTOR TEST
B1 TEST PROCEDURE
B2 POWER FACTOR LIMITS
B3 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX C - HARMONIC CURRENT LIMIT TEST
C1 TEST PROCEDURE
C2 HARMONIC CURRENT LIMITS
C3 GRID SOURCE DURING HARMONIC TEST
C4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX D - TRANSIENT VOLTAGE LIMIT TEST
D1 GENERAL
D2 TEST PROCEDURE
D3 TRANSIENT VOLTAGE LIMITS
D4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX E - D.C. INJECTION TEST
E1 GENERAL
E2 TEST PROCEDURE
E3 D.C. CURRENT LIMITS
E4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX F - ACTIVE ANTI-ISLANDING TEST
F1 GENERAL
F2 LOAD CONDITIONS
F2.1 General
F2.2 Load condition A
F2.3 Load conditions B and C
F3 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION A
F4 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION B
F5 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION C
F6 DISCONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
F7 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX G - VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY LIMITS (PASSIVE ANTI-ISLANDING PROTECTION) TESTS
G1 GENERAL
G2 UNDERVOLTAGE AND OVERVOLTAGE TRIP SETTINGS AND RECONNECTION TEST
G2.1 General
G2.2 Test procedure
G2.3 Criteria for acceptance
G3 UNDER-FREQUENCY AND OVER-FREQUENCY TRIP SETTINGS AND RECONNECTION TEST
G3.1 General
G3.2 Test procedure
G3.3 Criteria for acceptance
APPENDIX H - LIMITS FOR SUSTAINED OPERATION
H1 GENERAL
H2 SUSTAINED OPERATION FOR VOLTAGE VARIATIONS
H2.1 General
H2.2 Test procedure
H2.3 Criteria for acceptance
H2.4 Test report
H3 SUSTAINED OPERATION FOR FREQUENCY VARIATIONS
H3.1 General
H3.2 Test procedure
H3.3 Criteria for acceptance
H3.4 Test procedure for inverters with energy storage
H3.5 Test procedure
H3.6 Criteria for acceptance
H3.7 Test report
APPENDIX I - DEMAND AND POWER QUALITY RESPONSE MODE TESTING INCLUDING DISCONNECTION ON EXTERNAL SIGNAL
I1 GENERAL
I2 TEST PROCEDURES
I2.1 Test for demand response and disconnection on external signal
I2.2 Test for disconnection at rated current output
I2.3 Test for standard operation of generator demand response modes
I2.4 Test for standard operation of load demand response modes (such as for battery charging)
I3 DEMAND RESPONSE MODE LIMITS
I4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX J - MULTIPLE INVERTER TESTING
J1 GENERAL
J2 TEST PROCEDURES
J2.1 Test for single-phase combinations
J2.2 Test for single-phase inverters used in three-phase combination
J3 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX K - RELATED DOCUMENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Related Information
Electricity Industry Participation Code Amendment (Application for Distrbuted Generation) 2021
Ministry: Electricity Authority
Section: Schedule 6.1, Clause 1D
Citation context:Revoked - 18/12/2021.
1D When application may be made under Part 1A
(1) A distributed generator may elect to apply to a distributor under Part 1A instead of Part 1 if the distributed generation to which the application relates—
(a) is designed and installed in accordance with AS/NZS 4777.1:2016; and
(b) incorporates an inverter that—
(i) has been tested and issued a Declaration of Conformity with AS/N 4777.2:2015 by a laboratory with accreditation issued or recognised by International Accreditation New Zealand; and
(ii) has settings that meet the distributor’s connection and operation standards.
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PREFACE
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 SCOPE
2 APPLICATION
3 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
4 DEFINITIONS
4.1 Active anti-islanding protection
4.2 Displacement power factor
4.3 Fixed equipment
4.4 Grid
4.5 Grid interactive inverter
4.6 Grid test voltage
4.7 Inverter
4.8 Inverter energy system
4.9 Islanding
4.10 Multiple mode inverter (MMI)
4.11 Passive anti-islanding protection
4.12 Permanently connected
4.13 Pluggable equipment type A
4.14 Pluggable equipment type B
4.15 Port
4.16 Portable equipment
4.17 Rated
4.18 Rated apparent power
4.19 Rated current
4.20 Ripple control
4.21 Single-phase
4.22 Stand-alone functionality
4.23 Three-phase
5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1 Electrical safety
5.2 Provision for external connections
5.3 Photovoltaic (PV) array earth fault/earth leakage detection
5.4 Compatibility with electrical installation
5.5 Power factor
5.6 Harmonic currents
5.7 Voltage fluctuations and flicker
5.8 Transient voltage limits
5.9 D.C. current injection
5.10 Current balance for three-phase inverters
6 OPERATIONAL MODES AND MULTIPLE MODE INVERTERS
6.1 General
6.2 Inverter demand response modes (DRMs)
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Interaction with demand response enabling device (DRED)
6.3 Inverter power quality response modes
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Volt response modes
6.3.3 Fixed power factor mode and reactive power mode
6.3.4 Characteristic power factor curve for cos ? (P) (Power response)
6.3.5 Power rate limit
6.4 Multiple mode inverter operation
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Sinusoidal output in stand-alone mode
6.4.3 Volt–watt response mode for charging of energy storage
6.5 Security of operational settings
7 PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS FOR CONNECTION TO ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND THE GRID
7.1 General
7.2 Automatic disconnection device
7.3 Active anti-islanding protection
7.4 Voltage and frequency limits (passive anti-islanding protection)
7.5 Limits for sustained operation
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Sustained operation for voltage variations
7.5.3 Sustained operation for frequency variations
7.6 Disconnection on external signal
7.7 Connection and reconnection procedure
7.8 Security of protection settings
8 MULTIPLE INVERTER COMBINATIONS
8.1 General
8.2 Inverter current balance across multiple phases
8.3 Grid disconnection
8.4 Grid connection and reconnection
8.5 Testing combinations
8.5.1 Single-phase combinations
8.5.2 Single-phase inverters used in three-phase combinations
8.5.3 Required tests for multiple inverter combinations
8.5.4 Multiple inverters with one automatic disconnection device
9 INVERTER MARKING AND DOCUMENTATION
9.1 General
9.2 Marking
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Equipment ratings
9.2.3 Ports
9.2.4 External and ancillary equipment
9.2.5 Residual current devices (RCDs)
9.2.6 Demand response modes
9.3 Documentation
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Equipment ratings
9.3.3 Ports
9.3.4 External and ancillary equipment
9.3.5 RCDs
9.3.6 Multiple mode inverters
9.3.7 Multiple inverter combinations
APPENDIX A - GENERAL TEST AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
A1 GENERAL
A2 TEST CONDITIONS
A3 INVERTER SET-UP
A4 GRID SOURCE
A5 REFERENCE NETWORK IMPEDANCE
APPENDIX B - POWER FACTOR TEST
B1 TEST PROCEDURE
B2 POWER FACTOR LIMITS
B3 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX C - HARMONIC CURRENT LIMIT TEST
C1 TEST PROCEDURE
C2 HARMONIC CURRENT LIMITS
C3 GRID SOURCE DURING HARMONIC TEST
C4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX D - TRANSIENT VOLTAGE LIMIT TEST
D1 GENERAL
D2 TEST PROCEDURE
D3 TRANSIENT VOLTAGE LIMITS
D4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX E - D.C. INJECTION TEST
E1 GENERAL
E2 TEST PROCEDURE
E3 D.C. CURRENT LIMITS
E4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX F - ACTIVE ANTI-ISLANDING TEST
F1 GENERAL
F2 LOAD CONDITIONS
F2.1 General
F2.2 Load condition A
F2.3 Load conditions B and C
F3 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION A
F4 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION B
F5 TEST UNDER LOAD CONDITION C
F6 DISCONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
F7 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX G - VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY LIMITS (PASSIVE ANTI-ISLANDING PROTECTION) TESTS
G1 GENERAL
G2 UNDERVOLTAGE AND OVERVOLTAGE TRIP SETTINGS AND RECONNECTION TEST
G2.1 General
G2.2 Test procedure
G2.3 Criteria for acceptance
G3 UNDER-FREQUENCY AND OVER-FREQUENCY TRIP SETTINGS AND RECONNECTION TEST
G3.1 General
G3.2 Test procedure
G3.3 Criteria for acceptance
APPENDIX H - LIMITS FOR SUSTAINED OPERATION
H1 GENERAL
H2 SUSTAINED OPERATION FOR VOLTAGE VARIATIONS
H2.1 General
H2.2 Test procedure
H2.3 Criteria for acceptance
H2.4 Test report
H3 SUSTAINED OPERATION FOR FREQUENCY VARIATIONS
H3.1 General
H3.2 Test procedure
H3.3 Criteria for acceptance
H3.4 Test procedure for inverters with energy storage
H3.5 Test procedure
H3.6 Criteria for acceptance
H3.7 Test report
APPENDIX I - DEMAND AND POWER QUALITY RESPONSE MODE TESTING INCLUDING DISCONNECTION ON EXTERNAL SIGNAL
I1 GENERAL
I2 TEST PROCEDURES
I2.1 Test for demand response and disconnection on external signal
I2.2 Test for disconnection at rated current output
I2.3 Test for standard operation of generator demand response modes
I2.4 Test for standard operation of load demand response modes (such as for battery charging)
I3 DEMAND RESPONSE MODE LIMITS
I4 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX J - MULTIPLE INVERTER TESTING
J1 GENERAL
J2 TEST PROCEDURES
J2.1 Test for single-phase combinations
J2.2 Test for single-phase inverters used in three-phase combination
J3 TEST REPORT
APPENDIX K - RELATED DOCUMENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
AS/NZS 4777.2:2015
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.