AS/NZS 4600:1996

AS/NZS 4600:1996 COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURES

PREFACE

CONTENTS

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Action [Effect]

1.3.2 Action effect [Action] or load effect [action]

1.3.3 Arched compression element

1.3.4 Bend

1.3.5 Braced member

1.3.6 Can

1.3.7 Capacity [Strength reduction] factor

1.3.8 Clinching

1.3.9 Cold-formed steel structural members

1.3.10 Design action effect [Design action] or design load effect [design action]

1.3.11 Design action [Design force] or design load

1.3.12 Design capacity

1.3.13 Distortional buckling

1.3.14 Effective design width

1.3.15 Elements

1.3.16 Feed width

1.3.17 Flexural-torsional buckling

1.3.18 Length (of a compression member)

1.3.19 Limit state

1.3.20 Load

1.3.21 Local buckling

1.3.22 May

1.3.23 Multiple-stiffened element

1.3.24 Nominal action [Nominal effect] or nominal load

1.3.25 Nominal capacity

1.3.26 Point-symmetric section

1.3.27 Proof testing

1.3.28 Prototype testing

1.3.29 Pull-over (pull-through)

1.3.30 Pull-out

1.3.31 Segment (in a member subjected to bending)

1.3.32 Serviceability limit state

1.3.33 Shall

1.3.34 Should

1.3.35 Single-point fastener

1.3.36 Special study

1.3.37 Stability limit state

1.3.38 Stiffened or partially stiffened compression element

1.3.39 Stiffeners

1.3.40 Strength [Ultimate] limit state

1.3.41 Structural ductility factor

1.3.42 Structural performance factor

1.3.43 Structural response factor

1.3.44 Sub-element

1.3.45 Tensile strength

1.3.46 Thickness

1.3.47 Unformed steel

1.3.48 Unformed steel properties

1.3.49 Unstiffened compression element

1.3.50 Yield stress

1.4 NOTATION

1.5 MATERIALS

1.5.1 Structural steel

1.5.2 Design stresses

1.5.3 Fasteners and electrodes

1.6 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

1.6.1 Loads and load combinations

1.6.2 Structural analysis and design

1.6.3 Earthquake

1.6.4 Durability

1.7 NON-CONFORMING SHAPES AND CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 2 ELEMENTS

2.1 SECTION PROPERTIES

2.1.1 General

2.1.2 Design procedures

2.1.3 Dimensional limits

2.2 EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF STIFFENED ELEMENTS

2.2.1 Uniformly compressed stiffened elements

2.2.2 Uniformly compressed stiffened elements with circular holes

2.2.3 Stiffened elements with stress gradient

2.3 EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF UNSTIFFENED ELEMENTS

2.3.1 Uniformly compressed unstiffened elements

2.3.2 Unstiffened elements and edge stiffeners with stress gradient

2.4 EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF UNIFORMLY COMPRESSED ELEMENTS WITH AN EDGE STIFFENER OR ONE INTERMEDIATE STIFFENER

2.4.1 Notation

2.4.2 Elements with an intermediate stiffener

2.4.3 Elements with an edge stiffener

2.5 EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF EDGE-STIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE INTERMEDIATE STIFFENERS, OR STIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH MORE

2.6 ARCHED COMPRESSION ELEMENTS

2.7 STIFFENERS

2.7.1 Transverse stiffeners

2.7.2 Shear stiffeners

2.7.3 Nonconforming stiffeners

SECTION 3 MEMBERS

3.1 GENERAL

3.2 MEMBERS SUBJECT TO TENSION

3.2.1 Tensile capacity

3.2.2 Distribution of forces

3.3 MEMBERS SUBJECT TO BENDING

3.3.1 Bending moment

3.3.2 Nominal section moment capacity

3.3.3 Nominal member moment capacity

3.3.4 Shear

3.3.5 Combined bending and shear

3.3.6 Bearing

3.3.7 Combined bending and bearing

3.4 CONCENTRICALLY LOADED COMPRESSION MEMBERS

3.4.1 General

3.4.2 Sections not subject to torsional or flexural-torsional

3.4.3 Doubly- or singly-symmetric sections subject to torsional or flexural-torsional buckling

3.4.4 Point-symmetric sections

3.4.5 Non-symmetric sections

3.4.6 Singly-symmetric sections subject to distortional buckling

3.4.7 Columns with one flange through-fastened to sheeting

3.5 COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

3.5.1 Combined axial compressive load and bending

3.5.2 Combined axial tensile load and bending

3.6 CYLINDRICAL TUBULAR MEMBERS

3.6.1 General

3.6.2 Bending

3.6.3 Compression

3.6.4 Combined bending and compression

SECTION 4 STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLIES

4.1 BUILT-UP SECTIONS

4.1.1 I-Sections composed of two channels

4.1.2 Cover plates, sheets or non-integral stiffeners in compression

4.2 MIXED SYSTEMS

4.3 LATERAL RESTRAINTS

4.3.1 General

4.3.2 Symmetrical beams and columns

4.3.3 Channel and Z-section beams

4.4 WALL STUDS AND WALL STUD ASSEMBLIES

SECTION 5 CONNECTIONS

5.1 GENERAL

5.2 WELDED CONNECTIONS

5.2.1 General

5.2.2 Butt welds

5.2.3 Fillet welds

5.2.4 Arc spot welds (puddle welds)

5.2.5 Arc seam welds

5.2.6 Flare welds

5.2.7 Resistance welds

5.3 BOLTED CONNECTIONS

5.3.1 General

5.3.2 Tearout

5.3.3 Net section tension

5.3.4 Bearing

5.3.5 Bolts

5.4 SCREWED CONNECTIONS

5.4.1 General

5.4.2 Screwed connections in shear

5.4.3 Screwed connections in tension

5.5 BLIND RIVETED CONNECTIONS

5.5.1 General

5.5.2 Riveted connections in shear

5.6 RUPTURE

5.6.1 Shear rupture

5.6.2 Tension rupture

5.6.3 Block shear rupture

5.7 OTHER CONNECTIONS USING ANY TYPE OF FASTENERS

SECTION 6 TESTING

6.1 TESTING FOR DETERMINING MATERIAL PROPERTIES

6.1.1 Testing of unformed steel

6.1.2 Compression testing

6.1.3 Testing of full sections

6.1.4 Testing of flat coupons of formed members

6.1.5 Testing for determining section properties

6.1.6 Testing of single-point fastener connections

6.2 TESTING FOR ASSESSMENT OR VERIFICATION

6.2.1 General

6.2.2 Static tests for strength or serviceability

APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

APPENDIX B - FLEXURAL MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE BENDING

B1 GENERAL

B2 LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY [STRENGTH]

B3 DEFLECTIONS

B4 LIMITATIONS

APPENDIX C - PROTECTION

C1 SCOPE

C2 PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION

C2.1 Members to be protected

C2.2 Protective coating

C2.3 Members made from uncoated steel

C2.4 Members made from coated steel

C3 PROTECTION DURING TRANSPORT, HANDLING AND STORAGE

C3.1 General

C3.2 Transport and handling

C3.3 Storage

C4 REPAIRS TO COATINGS

APPENDIX D - DISTORTIONAL BUCKLING STRESSES OF GENERAL CHANNELS, LIPPED CHANNELS AND Z-SECTIONS IN COMPRESSION AND BENDING

D1 GENERAL CHANNELS IN COMPRESSION

D2 SIMPLE LIPPED CHANNELS IN COMPRESSION

D3 SIMPLE LIPPED CHANNELS OR Z-SECTIONS IN BENDING ABOUT THE AXIS PERPENDICULAR TO THE WEB

APPENDIX E - SECTION PROPERTIES

E1 SHEAR CENTRE DISTANCE, TORSION CONSTANT AND WARPING CONSTANT

E2 MONOSYMMETRY SECTION CONSTANTS

APPENDIX F - UNSTIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH STRESS GRADIENT

APPENDIX G - STANDARD TESTS FOR SINGLE-POINT FASTENER CONNECTIONS

G1 SCOPE

G2 MATERIAL

G3 SHEAR TEST

G3.1 General

G3.2 Apparatus

G3.3 Test specimen

G3.4 Procedure

G4 CROSS-TENSION TEST

G4.1 General

G4.2 Apparatus

G4.3 Test specimen

G4.4 Procedure

G5 REPORT