AS/NZS 1596:2014
The storage and handling of LP Gas
Specifies requirements for the location, design, construction, commissioning and operation of installations for the storage and handling of LP Gas. It includes the management of emergencies, and provides designers, planners, operators and regulators with technical and procedural requirements for installations for the safe storage and handling of LP Gas.
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AS/NZS 1596:2014 THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF LP GAS
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
1.2 APPLICATION
1.2.1 Application of Standard
1.2.2 Relationship to other Standards
1.2.3 Application of sections
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 ADG Code
1.4.2 Aerial wiring
1.4.3 Authority
1.4.4 Automotive filling installation
1.4.5 Boundary
1.4.6 Capacity (of a tank or cylinder)
1.4.7 Combustible
1.4.8 Combustible liquid
1.4.9 Compound
1.4.10 Container
1.4.11 Cylinder
1.4.12 Dangerous goods
1.4.13 Deadman’s handle
1.4.14 Decanting
1.4.15 Direct connection
1.4.16 Emergency shut-down system
1.4.17 Excess-flow valve
1.4.18 Filling connection
1.4.19 Fire resistance level (FRL)/Fire resistance rating (FRR)
1.4.20 Firewall
1.4.21 Fixed liquid level gauge or fixed ullage gauge
1.4.22 Flammable liquid
1.4.23 Fleet refuelling installation
1.4.24 Fusible link
1.4.25 Gas distributor
1.4.26 Gas free
1.4.27 Hazardous area
1.4.28 Hazardous substance (New Zealand)
1.4.29 Heat radiation barrier
1.4.30 Hot work
1.4.31 Ignition source
1.4.32 In situ filling
1.4.33 Installation
1.4.34 Internal component
1.4.35 Internal safety control valve (ISC)
1.4.36 Liquefied petroleum gas (LP Gas)
1.4.37 Mass-filling ratio
1.4.38 Maximum filling level
1.4.39 Modular direct-fired vaporizer
1.4.40 May
1.4.41 Non-return valve (check valve)
1.4.42 Outdoor
1.4.43 Pigtail
1.4.44 POL coupling
1.4.45 Positive shut-off
1.4.46 Practicable
1.4.47 Protected place
1.4.48 Public place
1.4.49 Quick-closing internal valve
1.4.50 Regulator
1.4.51 Remote connection
1.4.52 Safety valve
1.4.53 Service station
1.4.54 Shall
1.4.55 Should
1.4.56 Significant trafficable area
1.4.57 Site
1.4.58 Site operator
1.4.59 Standard filling level
1.4.60 Tank
1.4.61 Tanker
1.4.62 Thermal screen
1.4.63 Ullage
1.4.64 Vaporizer
1.4.65 Vapour barrier
1.4.66 Volume filling percentage
1.4.67 Type 27 coupling
SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
2.3 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE OF LP GAS
2.4 GROUPS OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN WHICH LP GAS IS USED
SECTION 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
3.2 RESTRICTIONS ON IGNITION SOURCES
3.3 PIPES, VALVES AND FITTINGS
3.4 CONTROL OF ACCESS
3.5 SEPARATION DISTANCES
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Separation to protected places on adjoining properties
3.5.3 Changed site conditions
3.6 FIREWALLS AND VAPOUR BARRIERS
3.6.1 General
3.6.2 Vapour barriers
3.6.3 Firewalls
3.6.4 Thermal screens
SECTION 4 CYLINDERS AND CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
4.2 CYLINDERS
4.2.1 Compliance with Standards
4.2.2 Exchange-fill cylinders
4.2.3 In situ fill cylinders
4.2.4 Cylinders to be filled by decanting
4.2.5 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
4.2.6 Butane cylinders
4.3 REGULATORS AND PIPING FOR CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.3.1 Regulators
4.3.2 Location of regulator
4.3.3 Piping
4.4 CYLINDERS IN USE
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Location of cylinders
4.4.3 Prohibited locations for cylinders
4.4.4 Cylinders indoors
4.4.5 Cylinders outdoors
4.4.6 Hazardous area requirements
4.4.7 Cylinders on a verandah
4.4.8 Cylinders under a building supported by piers
4.4.9 Cylinders in enclosure or recess
4.4.10 Cylinders in public locations
4.4.11 Installing cylinders
4.4.12 Additional requirements for cylinders for in situ filling
4.5 CYLINDER STORAGE
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Site requirements
4.5.3 Separation distances
4.5.4 Cylinder storage and handling
4.5.5 Ventilation of cylinder stores
4.6 EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
4.7 STORAGE OF LP GAS CYLINDERS ON TROLLEYS
4.8 CYLINDER LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS
4.8.1 General
4.8.2 Location of cylinders in loading and unloading areas
4.8.3 Ignition sources
SECTION 5 COMPONENTS FOR TANK SYSTEMS
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
5.2 TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
5.2.1 Materials of construction
5.2.2 New Zealand requirements
5.2.3 Australian requirements
5.3 CONTROL OF LP GAS OUTFLOW
5.3.1 Minimization of outflow
5.3.2 Safety valve
5.3.3 Openings for gauges
5.3.4 Shut-down system
5.3.5 Tanks larger than 200 kL
5.4 SAFETY VALVES
5.4.1 Provision of safety valves
5.4.2 Discharge provisions
5.4.3 Reserve safety valves
5.5 VALVES AND ACCESSORIES
5.5.1 Suitability
5.5.2 Metal parts
5.5.3 Marking of valve indicators
5.5.4 Filling connections on tanks
5.5.5 Liquid level and contents gauges
5.5.6 Pressure gauges
5.5.7 Temperature gauge
5.5.8 Regulators
5.5.9 Provision for emptying tank
5.6 PIPING
5.6.1 Design for pressure
5.6.2 Joints
5.6.3 Joints in copper pipe
5.6.4 Flexible pipe connections
5.6.5 Transfer hose
5.6.6 Transfer hose couplings
5.6.7 Expansion flexibility
5.7 VAPORIZERS
5.7.1 Design and construction
5.7.2 Marking
SECTION 6 TANK SYSTEM INSTALLATION
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
6.2 TANK SPACING AND SEPARATION DISTANCES
6.2.1 General location and spacing
6.2.2 Tanks in groups
6.2.3 Aerial wiring systems
6.2.4 Distances to other gas storages
6.2.5 On-site storages of other dangerous goods and flammable or combustible materials
6.3 TANK SITE CONDITIONS
6.3.1 Ground conditions
6.3.2 Ventilation and access
6.4 TANK FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS
6.4.1 Foundations and supports
6.4.2 Fire resistance of supports
6.5 FLAME IMPINGEMENT
6.6 CONNECTIONS FOR TANK FILLING AND TANKER LOADING
6.6.1 Filling connection
6.6.2 Direct connection
6.6.3 Remote connection
6.6.4 Tanker loading
6.6.5 Access for contents gauging
6.6.6 Hose venting
6.6.7 Separation distances
6.7 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM
6.7.1 General design
6.7.2 Fire actuation
6.7.3 Manual actuation
6.7.4 Tank-to-tanker and tanker-to-tank transfer protection
6.8 PIPING
6.8.1 Interconnected tanks
6.8.2 Liquid lines between valves
6.8.3 Piping system
6.8.4 Piping drain or bleed valves
6.8.5 Support of piping
6.8.6 Piping within buildings
6.8.7 Underground piping
6.8.8 Identification of pipes
6.8.9 Pipework testing
6.9 VAPORIZER INSTALLATION
6.9.1 Compatibility check
6.9.2 Shelter
6.9.3 Location
6.10 REGULATORS
6.10.1 Location
6.10.2 Venting
6.10.3 Overpressure protection
6.11 PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS
6.11.1 Suitability and location
6.11.2 Pressure limitation
6.11.3 Pumps
6.11.4 Compressors
6.12 SECURITY AND IMPACT PROTECTION
6.12.1 Tank security
6.12.2 Security fence
6.12.3 Lockable enclosure
6.12.4 Impact protection
6.13 LIGHTNING AND BONDING PROTECTION
6.13.1 Lightning protection
6.13.2 Bonding to tanker
6.14 LADDERS, STEPS AND PLATFORMS
6.15 LEAK DETECTION
6.16 MARKINGS AND NOTICES
6.17 LIGHTING
6.18 UNODOURIZED GAS INSTALLATIONS
6.18.1 Emergency shut-down system
6.18.2 Installation and use of gas detectors
6.18.3 Function of gas detectors
6.18.4 Signage
SECTION 7 UNDERGROUND TANK INSTALLATIONS
7.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
7.2 CORROSION CONTROL
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Testing of coating
7.3 LOCATION AND INSTALLATION
7.3.1 Tank location
7.3.2 Tanks in groups
7.3.3 Tank covering
7.3.4 Anchoring
7.3.5 Tank branches and tappings
7.3.6 Gas storages other than LP Gas
7.4 ACCESS, PROTECTION, FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES
7.4.1 Access
7.4.2 Protection for above-ground equipment
7.4.3 Access pits
7.4.4 Contents gauging
7.5 DISCHARGE FROM SAFETY RELIEF DEVICES
7.5.1 Discharge rate
7.5.2 Point of discharge
SECTION 8 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS—AUSTRALIA
8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
8.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
8.2.1 Filling by mass
8.2.2 Filling by volume
8.2.3 Suitability of gas supply
8.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
8.3.1 Location of filling point
8.3.2 Adjacent storage
8.3.3 Ventilation
8.3.4 Emergency shut-down
8.4 DECANTING
8.4.1 Restrictions
8.4.2 Decanting equipment
8.4.3 Location of the decanting cylinder or tank
8.4.4 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.4.5 Security of equipment
8.4.6 Notices
8.5 CYLINDER TO FORKLIFT AND AUTOMOTIVE CYLINDER—FILLING BY PUMP
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Application
8.5.3 Pump rate
8.5.4 Frame
8.5.5 Piping
8.5.6 System components
8.5.7 Filling requirements
8.5.8 Hose reach zone
8.5.9 Cylinder filling area
8.5.10 Fire safety
8.5.11 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.5.12 Notices
8.5.13 Supervision and training
SECTION 9 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS—NEW ZEALAND
9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
9.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
9.2.1 Filling by weight
9.2.2 Filling by volume
9.2.3 Ventilation
9.2.4 Ignition sources
9.2.5 Use of vapour barriers
9.2.6 Use of firewalls
9.2.7 Security
9.2.8 Signage
9.2.9 Emergency shut-down device
9.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
9.3.1 Location of filling station with up to 100 kg of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.2 Location of filling station with from 100 kg and up to 1000 kg of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.3 Location of filling station with 1000 kg and over of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.4 Adjacent storage
9.3.5 Service station forecourt filling
9.4 DECANTING
9.4.1 Capacity restrictions
9.4.2 Decanting connection
9.4.3 Location of decanting area
9.4.4 Arrangement of cylinder
9.4.5 Decanting from tanks
SECTION 10 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 COMMON REQUIREMENTS
10.2.1 Tank and pump piping
10.2.2 Filling area
10.3 DISPENSING SYSTEMS
10.3.1 General design
10.3.2 Style A dispenser system
10.3.3 Dispensing hose
10.3.4 Dispensing nozzle
10.3.5 Filler caps
10.4 NOTICES, SIGNS AND INSTRUCTIONS
10.5 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.5.1 Introduction
10.5.2 Above-ground storage tanks (Australia only)
10.5.3 Spillage control
10.5.4 Connections for tank filling
10.5.5 Provisions for emptying tanks
10.5.6 Location of LP Gas dispensers
10.5.7 Dispenser service lines
10.5.8 Piping for above-ground tanks
10.5.9 Pump bypass
10.5.10 Location of pumps
10.5.11 Use of thermal screens and fire walls
10.5.12 Tanker access and egress
10.5.13 Tanker unloading position
10.5.14 Remote shut-down system
10.5.15 Impact protection
10.5.16 Dispenser system
10.5.17 Locking provisions
10.5.18 Self-service
10.5.19 Decanting cylinders
10.6 SITE SUITABILITY FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7 LAND USE CONTROLS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Separation distances
10.7.3 Population limit areas
10.8 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SERVICE STATIONS
SECTION 11 OPERATIONS
11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
11.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
11.2.1 Requirements
11.2.2 Odour
11.2.3 Initial pre-delivery check
11.2.4 Subsequent pre-delivery checks
11.2.5 Post-delivery checks
11.2.6 Tanks out of service
11.2.7 Changed usage of tanks
11.2.8 Post-installation site work
11.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES
11.3.1 Procedures required
11.3.2 Documentation of procedures
11.3.3 Review and upkeep of procedures
11.3.4 Operating procedures
11.3.5 Construction and maintenance procedures
11.3.6 Emergency procedures
11.3.7 Training
11.4 COMPLIANCE, SUPERVISION AND RECORDS
11.4.1 Compliance with procedures
11.4.2 Supervision
11.4.3 Records
11.5 CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
11.5.1 Installation certification
11.5.2 Scheduled checks
11.5.3 Tanks
11.5.4 Piping
11.5.5 Hoses
11.5.6 Flexible connections
11.5.7 Protective flow-control valves
11.5.8 Authorization of work
11.5.9 Safe work procedures
11.5.10 Work preparation
11.5.11 Completion of work
11.5.12 Site upkeep
11.6 SPECIFIC OPERATING PROCEDURES
11.6.1 Commissioning of new or modified equipment
11.6.2 Outlets not in use
11.6.3 Personnel safety
11.6.4 Security measures
11.7 PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRANSPORT OR REMOVAL OF STORAGE TANKS
11.8 TANKER OPERATIONS
11.8.1 Delivery vehicle
11.8.2 Tanker loading procedures
11.8.3 Check of accessories
11.8.4 Refuelling
11.8.5 Parking and garaging
11.8.6 Tanker servicing and repair
11.9 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR TANKER TRANSFER
11.9.1 Suitability of gas
11.9.2 Condition of installation
11.9.3 Advice of delivery
11.9.4 Safety of hose
11.9.5 Use of gloves
11.9.6 Tanker location
11.9.7 Multiple tanker transfer operations
11.10 SUPERVISION OF DELIVERY
11.11 PROCEDURES FOR FILLING AND EMPTYING TANKS
11.11.1 Valve handles
11.11.2 Venting
11.11.3 Procedures prior to transfer
11.11.4 Procedures during transfer
11.11.5 Procedures after transfer
11.12 CYLINDER FILLING
11.12.1 General requirements
11.12.2 Supervision
11.12.3 Leakage check
11.12.4 In situ filling
11.12.5 Filling at automotive fuel dispensers (Australia only)
11.12.6 Decanting
11.13 FILLING FROM TANKERS TO CYLINDERS OTHER THAN IN SITU
11.13.1 Application
11.13.2 General requirements
11.13.3 Preliminary safety check
11.13.4 Notices
11.13.5 Tanker egress
11.13.6 Cylinder handling
11.13.7 Separation distances
SECTION 12 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES
12.2.1 Consideration in designing premises
12.2.2 Emergency plan
12.2.3 Review of emergency plan
12.3 MANIFEST
12.4 PLACARDING
SECTION 13 FIRE SAFETY
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
13.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
13.3.1 Integration with existing facilities
13.3.2 Variations to this Section
13.3.3 Equipment compatibility
13.3.4 Location of firefighting equipment
13.3.5 Variations to requirements
13.4 CYLINDERS
13.4.1 Cylinder storage and use
13.4.2 Cylinder filling areas
13.5 TANK INSTALLATIONS
13.5.1 Site evaluation
13.5.2 Heat protection
13.6 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
13.7 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
13.7.1 Hydrant system
13.7.2 Hose reels
13.7.3 Water spray system
13.7.4 Monitors
13.7.5 Fire extinguishers
13.7.6 Water supply
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - TANK OR CYLINDER FILLING LEVEL
B1 INTRODUCTION
B2 DETERMINATION OF STANDARD FILLING LEVEL
B2.1 Application
B2.2 Principle
B2.3 Procedure
B3 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY MASS
B3.1 Application
B3.2 Filling procedure
B4 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—STANDARD LIQUID LEVEL METHOD
B4.1 Application
B4.2 Filling procedure
B5 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—TEMPERATURE CORRECTION METHOD
B5.1 Application
B5.2 Determination of maximum permitted level
B5.3 Filling procedure
APPENDIX C - APPROXIMATE CAPACITIES OF CYLINDERS FOR LP GAS
APPENDIX D - MARKINGS, SIGNS AND NOTICES
D1 TANK SYSTEMS
D1.1 Valve indicators and marking
D1.2 Vaporizer marking
D1.3 Tank data plate
D1.4 Liquid and vapour lines
D2 TANK INSTALLATIONS
D2.1 Emergency shut-down system marking
D2.2 Tank or tank storage area placarding
D2.3 Placard
D2.4 Construction of signs
D3 LIQUID WITHDRAWAL CYLINDER
D4 CYLINDER FILLING
D4.1 Notices for cylinder filling
D5 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING STATIONS—VEHICLE FILLING AREAS
D5.1 Precautionary sign
D5.2 Driver instructions
D5.3 Emergency procedures
APPENDIX E - HAZARDOUS AREAS
APPENDIX F - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS—AUSTRALIA
F1 INTRODUCTION
F2 RESTRICTIONS
F3 LOCATION OF CAGES
F4 SIGNS AND LABELS
F5 PRIVATE TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
F6 TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS FOR TRADE USE
APPENDIX G - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS—NEW ZEALAND
G1 INTRODUCTION
G2 LOCATION OF SITE
G3 RESTRICTIONS
G4 MANAGEMENT OF CYLINDER CAGE
G5 STORAGE OF CYLINDERS WITHIN THE CAGE
G6 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
G7 SIGNS AND LABELS
APPENDIX H - DISCHARGE CAPACITY OF SAFETY VALVES
H1 INTRODUCTION
H2 TANKS
H3 VAPORIZERS
APPENDIX I - LEAKAGE TESTING OF PIPEWORK
I1 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TANK OR CYLINDER AND FIRST STAGE REGULATOR
I2 ALL OTHER PIPEWORK
I2.1 General
I2.2 Low pressure pipework
I2.3 High pressure pipework
APPENDIX J - DECANTING PROCEDURE
APPENDIX K - EMERGENCY PLANNING
K1 EMERGENCY PLANS
K1.1 General
K1.2 Premises emergency plan
K1.3 Initial advice to the emergency services
K2 DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY PLANS
APPENDIX L - MOTOR VEHICLE REFUELLING
APPENDIX M - FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M1 INTRODUCTION
M2 ASSUMPTIONS
M3 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
M4 CALCULATION OF FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M5 EVALUATION
APPENDIX N - FIRE SAFETY
APPENDIX O - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
APPENDIX P - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS FOR TRADE USE
P1 GENERAL
P2 OPEN-TYPE VEHICLES
P3 CLOSED-TYPE VEHICLES
P4 INFORMATION AND TRAINING
APPENDIX Q - IMPACT PROTECTION
Q1 GENERAL
Q2 VULNERABILITY
Q3 PROTECTION OF LP GAS INSTALLATION
Q4 IMPACT PROTECTION ASSESSMENT CALCULATION
APPENDIX R - ODOUR MANAGEMENT
R1 GENERAL
R2 DEFINITIONS
R2.1 Odorant
R2.2 Odorant concentration
R2.3 Odorant conditioning
R2.4 Odorant fade
R3 LP GAS ODORIZATION
R4 LIMITATIONS OF ODORANT
R5 MANAGEMENT OF ODOUR
R6 CONTAINERS AND PIPE WORK
R7 CONTAINER CONDITIONING
R8 TESTING
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AS/NZS 1596:2014 THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF LP GAS
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
1.2 APPLICATION
1.2.1 Application of Standard
1.2.2 Relationship to other Standards
1.2.3 Application of sections
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 ADG Code
1.4.2 Aerial wiring
1.4.3 Authority
1.4.4 Automotive filling installation
1.4.5 Boundary
1.4.6 Capacity (of a tank or cylinder)
1.4.7 Combustible
1.4.8 Combustible liquid
1.4.9 Compound
1.4.10 Container
1.4.11 Cylinder
1.4.12 Dangerous goods
1.4.13 Deadman’s handle
1.4.14 Decanting
1.4.15 Direct connection
1.4.16 Emergency shut-down system
1.4.17 Excess-flow valve
1.4.18 Filling connection
1.4.19 Fire resistance level (FRL)/Fire resistance rating (FRR)
1.4.20 Firewall
1.4.21 Fixed liquid level gauge or fixed ullage gauge
1.4.22 Flammable liquid
1.4.23 Fleet refuelling installation
1.4.24 Fusible link
1.4.25 Gas distributor
1.4.26 Gas free
1.4.27 Hazardous area
1.4.28 Hazardous substance (New Zealand)
1.4.29 Heat radiation barrier
1.4.30 Hot work
1.4.31 Ignition source
1.4.32 In situ filling
1.4.33 Installation
1.4.34 Internal component
1.4.35 Internal safety control valve (ISC)
1.4.36 Liquefied petroleum gas (LP Gas)
1.4.37 Mass-filling ratio
1.4.38 Maximum filling level
1.4.39 Modular direct-fired vaporizer
1.4.40 May
1.4.41 Non-return valve (check valve)
1.4.42 Outdoor
1.4.43 Pigtail
1.4.44 POL coupling
1.4.45 Positive shut-off
1.4.46 Practicable
1.4.47 Protected place
1.4.48 Public place
1.4.49 Quick-closing internal valve
1.4.50 Regulator
1.4.51 Remote connection
1.4.52 Safety valve
1.4.53 Service station
1.4.54 Shall
1.4.55 Should
1.4.56 Significant trafficable area
1.4.57 Site
1.4.58 Site operator
1.4.59 Standard filling level
1.4.60 Tank
1.4.61 Tanker
1.4.62 Thermal screen
1.4.63 Ullage
1.4.64 Vaporizer
1.4.65 Vapour barrier
1.4.66 Volume filling percentage
1.4.67 Type 27 coupling
SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
2.3 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE OF LP GAS
2.4 GROUPS OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN WHICH LP GAS IS USED
SECTION 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
3.2 RESTRICTIONS ON IGNITION SOURCES
3.3 PIPES, VALVES AND FITTINGS
3.4 CONTROL OF ACCESS
3.5 SEPARATION DISTANCES
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Separation to protected places on adjoining properties
3.5.3 Changed site conditions
3.6 FIREWALLS AND VAPOUR BARRIERS
3.6.1 General
3.6.2 Vapour barriers
3.6.3 Firewalls
3.6.4 Thermal screens
SECTION 4 CYLINDERS AND CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
4.2 CYLINDERS
4.2.1 Compliance with Standards
4.2.2 Exchange-fill cylinders
4.2.3 In situ fill cylinders
4.2.4 Cylinders to be filled by decanting
4.2.5 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
4.2.6 Butane cylinders
4.3 REGULATORS AND PIPING FOR CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.3.1 Regulators
4.3.2 Location of regulator
4.3.3 Piping
4.4 CYLINDERS IN USE
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Location of cylinders
4.4.3 Prohibited locations for cylinders
4.4.4 Cylinders indoors
4.4.5 Cylinders outdoors
4.4.6 Hazardous area requirements
4.4.7 Cylinders on a verandah
4.4.8 Cylinders under a building supported by piers
4.4.9 Cylinders in enclosure or recess
4.4.10 Cylinders in public locations
4.4.11 Installing cylinders
4.4.12 Additional requirements for cylinders for in situ filling
4.5 CYLINDER STORAGE
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Site requirements
4.5.3 Separation distances
4.5.4 Cylinder storage and handling
4.5.5 Ventilation of cylinder stores
4.6 EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
4.7 STORAGE OF LP GAS CYLINDERS ON TROLLEYS
4.8 CYLINDER LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS
4.8.1 General
4.8.2 Location of cylinders in loading and unloading areas
4.8.3 Ignition sources
SECTION 5 COMPONENTS FOR TANK SYSTEMS
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
5.2 TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
5.2.1 Materials of construction
5.2.2 New Zealand requirements
5.2.3 Australian requirements
5.3 CONTROL OF LP GAS OUTFLOW
5.3.1 Minimization of outflow
5.3.2 Safety valve
5.3.3 Openings for gauges
5.3.4 Shut-down system
5.3.5 Tanks larger than 200 kL
5.4 SAFETY VALVES
5.4.1 Provision of safety valves
5.4.2 Discharge provisions
5.4.3 Reserve safety valves
5.5 VALVES AND ACCESSORIES
5.5.1 Suitability
5.5.2 Metal parts
5.5.3 Marking of valve indicators
5.5.4 Filling connections on tanks
5.5.5 Liquid level and contents gauges
5.5.6 Pressure gauges
5.5.7 Temperature gauge
5.5.8 Regulators
5.5.9 Provision for emptying tank
5.6 PIPING
5.6.1 Design for pressure
5.6.2 Joints
5.6.3 Joints in copper pipe
5.6.4 Flexible pipe connections
5.6.5 Transfer hose
5.6.6 Transfer hose couplings
5.6.7 Expansion flexibility
5.7 VAPORIZERS
5.7.1 Design and construction
5.7.2 Marking
SECTION 6 TANK SYSTEM INSTALLATION
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
6.2 TANK SPACING AND SEPARATION DISTANCES
6.2.1 General location and spacing
6.2.2 Tanks in groups
6.2.3 Aerial wiring systems
6.2.4 Distances to other gas storages
6.2.5 On-site storages of other dangerous goods and flammable or combustible materials
6.3 TANK SITE CONDITIONS
6.3.1 Ground conditions
6.3.2 Ventilation and access
6.4 TANK FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS
6.4.1 Foundations and supports
6.4.2 Fire resistance of supports
6.5 FLAME IMPINGEMENT
6.6 CONNECTIONS FOR TANK FILLING AND TANKER LOADING
6.6.1 Filling connection
6.6.2 Direct connection
6.6.3 Remote connection
6.6.4 Tanker loading
6.6.5 Access for contents gauging
6.6.6 Hose venting
6.6.7 Separation distances
6.7 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM
6.7.1 General design
6.7.2 Fire actuation
6.7.3 Manual actuation
6.7.4 Tank-to-tanker and tanker-to-tank transfer protection
6.8 PIPING
6.8.1 Interconnected tanks
6.8.2 Liquid lines between valves
6.8.3 Piping system
6.8.4 Piping drain or bleed valves
6.8.5 Support of piping
6.8.6 Piping within buildings
6.8.7 Underground piping
6.8.8 Identification of pipes
6.8.9 Pipework testing
6.9 VAPORIZER INSTALLATION
6.9.1 Compatibility check
6.9.2 Shelter
6.9.3 Location
6.10 REGULATORS
6.10.1 Location
6.10.2 Venting
6.10.3 Overpressure protection
6.11 PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS
6.11.1 Suitability and location
6.11.2 Pressure limitation
6.11.3 Pumps
6.11.4 Compressors
6.12 SECURITY AND IMPACT PROTECTION
6.12.1 Tank security
6.12.2 Security fence
6.12.3 Lockable enclosure
6.12.4 Impact protection
6.13 LIGHTNING AND BONDING PROTECTION
6.13.1 Lightning protection
6.13.2 Bonding to tanker
6.14 LADDERS, STEPS AND PLATFORMS
6.15 LEAK DETECTION
6.16 MARKINGS AND NOTICES
6.17 LIGHTING
6.18 UNODOURIZED GAS INSTALLATIONS
6.18.1 Emergency shut-down system
6.18.2 Installation and use of gas detectors
6.18.3 Function of gas detectors
6.18.4 Signage
SECTION 7 UNDERGROUND TANK INSTALLATIONS
7.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
7.2 CORROSION CONTROL
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Testing of coating
7.3 LOCATION AND INSTALLATION
7.3.1 Tank location
7.3.2 Tanks in groups
7.3.3 Tank covering
7.3.4 Anchoring
7.3.5 Tank branches and tappings
7.3.6 Gas storages other than LP Gas
7.4 ACCESS, PROTECTION, FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES
7.4.1 Access
7.4.2 Protection for above-ground equipment
7.4.3 Access pits
7.4.4 Contents gauging
7.5 DISCHARGE FROM SAFETY RELIEF DEVICES
7.5.1 Discharge rate
7.5.2 Point of discharge
SECTION 8 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS—AUSTRALIA
8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
8.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
8.2.1 Filling by mass
8.2.2 Filling by volume
8.2.3 Suitability of gas supply
8.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
8.3.1 Location of filling point
8.3.2 Adjacent storage
8.3.3 Ventilation
8.3.4 Emergency shut-down
8.4 DECANTING
8.4.1 Restrictions
8.4.2 Decanting equipment
8.4.3 Location of the decanting cylinder or tank
8.4.4 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.4.5 Security of equipment
8.4.6 Notices
8.5 CYLINDER TO FORKLIFT AND AUTOMOTIVE CYLINDER—FILLING BY PUMP
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Application
8.5.3 Pump rate
8.5.4 Frame
8.5.5 Piping
8.5.6 System components
8.5.7 Filling requirements
8.5.8 Hose reach zone
8.5.9 Cylinder filling area
8.5.10 Fire safety
8.5.11 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.5.12 Notices
8.5.13 Supervision and training
SECTION 9 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS—NEW ZEALAND
9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
9.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
9.2.1 Filling by weight
9.2.2 Filling by volume
9.2.3 Ventilation
9.2.4 Ignition sources
9.2.5 Use of vapour barriers
9.2.6 Use of firewalls
9.2.7 Security
9.2.8 Signage
9.2.9 Emergency shut-down device
9.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
9.3.1 Location of filling station with up to 100 kg of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.2 Location of filling station with from 100 kg and up to 1000 kg of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.3 Location of filling station with 1000 kg and over of LP Gas in cylinders at the filling point
9.3.4 Adjacent storage
9.3.5 Service station forecourt filling
9.4 DECANTING
9.4.1 Capacity restrictions
9.4.2 Decanting connection
9.4.3 Location of decanting area
9.4.4 Arrangement of cylinder
9.4.5 Decanting from tanks
SECTION 10 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 COMMON REQUIREMENTS
10.2.1 Tank and pump piping
10.2.2 Filling area
10.3 DISPENSING SYSTEMS
10.3.1 General design
10.3.2 Style A dispenser system
10.3.3 Dispensing hose
10.3.4 Dispensing nozzle
10.3.5 Filler caps
10.4 NOTICES, SIGNS AND INSTRUCTIONS
10.5 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.5.1 Introduction
10.5.2 Above-ground storage tanks (Australia only)
10.5.3 Spillage control
10.5.4 Connections for tank filling
10.5.5 Provisions for emptying tanks
10.5.6 Location of LP Gas dispensers
10.5.7 Dispenser service lines
10.5.8 Piping for above-ground tanks
10.5.9 Pump bypass
10.5.10 Location of pumps
10.5.11 Use of thermal screens and fire walls
10.5.12 Tanker access and egress
10.5.13 Tanker unloading position
10.5.14 Remote shut-down system
10.5.15 Impact protection
10.5.16 Dispenser system
10.5.17 Locking provisions
10.5.18 Self-service
10.5.19 Decanting cylinders
10.6 SITE SUITABILITY FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7 LAND USE CONTROLS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Separation distances
10.7.3 Population limit areas
10.8 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SERVICE STATIONS
SECTION 11 OPERATIONS
11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
11.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
11.2.1 Requirements
11.2.2 Odour
11.2.3 Initial pre-delivery check
11.2.4 Subsequent pre-delivery checks
11.2.5 Post-delivery checks
11.2.6 Tanks out of service
11.2.7 Changed usage of tanks
11.2.8 Post-installation site work
11.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES
11.3.1 Procedures required
11.3.2 Documentation of procedures
11.3.3 Review and upkeep of procedures
11.3.4 Operating procedures
11.3.5 Construction and maintenance procedures
11.3.6 Emergency procedures
11.3.7 Training
11.4 COMPLIANCE, SUPERVISION AND RECORDS
11.4.1 Compliance with procedures
11.4.2 Supervision
11.4.3 Records
11.5 CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
11.5.1 Installation certification
11.5.2 Scheduled checks
11.5.3 Tanks
11.5.4 Piping
11.5.5 Hoses
11.5.6 Flexible connections
11.5.7 Protective flow-control valves
11.5.8 Authorization of work
11.5.9 Safe work procedures
11.5.10 Work preparation
11.5.11 Completion of work
11.5.12 Site upkeep
11.6 SPECIFIC OPERATING PROCEDURES
11.6.1 Commissioning of new or modified equipment
11.6.2 Outlets not in use
11.6.3 Personnel safety
11.6.4 Security measures
11.7 PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRANSPORT OR REMOVAL OF STORAGE TANKS
11.8 TANKER OPERATIONS
11.8.1 Delivery vehicle
11.8.2 Tanker loading procedures
11.8.3 Check of accessories
11.8.4 Refuelling
11.8.5 Parking and garaging
11.8.6 Tanker servicing and repair
11.9 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR TANKER TRANSFER
11.9.1 Suitability of gas
11.9.2 Condition of installation
11.9.3 Advice of delivery
11.9.4 Safety of hose
11.9.5 Use of gloves
11.9.6 Tanker location
11.9.7 Multiple tanker transfer operations
11.10 SUPERVISION OF DELIVERY
11.11 PROCEDURES FOR FILLING AND EMPTYING TANKS
11.11.1 Valve handles
11.11.2 Venting
11.11.3 Procedures prior to transfer
11.11.4 Procedures during transfer
11.11.5 Procedures after transfer
11.12 CYLINDER FILLING
11.12.1 General requirements
11.12.2 Supervision
11.12.3 Leakage check
11.12.4 In situ filling
11.12.5 Filling at automotive fuel dispensers (Australia only)
11.12.6 Decanting
11.13 FILLING FROM TANKERS TO CYLINDERS OTHER THAN IN SITU
11.13.1 Application
11.13.2 General requirements
11.13.3 Preliminary safety check
11.13.4 Notices
11.13.5 Tanker egress
11.13.6 Cylinder handling
11.13.7 Separation distances
SECTION 12 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES
12.2.1 Consideration in designing premises
12.2.2 Emergency plan
12.2.3 Review of emergency plan
12.3 MANIFEST
12.4 PLACARDING
SECTION 13 FIRE SAFETY
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
13.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
13.3.1 Integration with existing facilities
13.3.2 Variations to this Section
13.3.3 Equipment compatibility
13.3.4 Location of firefighting equipment
13.3.5 Variations to requirements
13.4 CYLINDERS
13.4.1 Cylinder storage and use
13.4.2 Cylinder filling areas
13.5 TANK INSTALLATIONS
13.5.1 Site evaluation
13.5.2 Heat protection
13.6 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
13.7 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
13.7.1 Hydrant system
13.7.2 Hose reels
13.7.3 Water spray system
13.7.4 Monitors
13.7.5 Fire extinguishers
13.7.6 Water supply
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - TANK OR CYLINDER FILLING LEVEL
B1 INTRODUCTION
B2 DETERMINATION OF STANDARD FILLING LEVEL
B2.1 Application
B2.2 Principle
B2.3 Procedure
B3 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY MASS
B3.1 Application
B3.2 Filling procedure
B4 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—STANDARD LIQUID LEVEL METHOD
B4.1 Application
B4.2 Filling procedure
B5 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—TEMPERATURE CORRECTION METHOD
B5.1 Application
B5.2 Determination of maximum permitted level
B5.3 Filling procedure
APPENDIX C - APPROXIMATE CAPACITIES OF CYLINDERS FOR LP GAS
APPENDIX D - MARKINGS, SIGNS AND NOTICES
D1 TANK SYSTEMS
D1.1 Valve indicators and marking
D1.2 Vaporizer marking
D1.3 Tank data plate
D1.4 Liquid and vapour lines
D2 TANK INSTALLATIONS
D2.1 Emergency shut-down system marking
D2.2 Tank or tank storage area placarding
D2.3 Placard
D2.4 Construction of signs
D3 LIQUID WITHDRAWAL CYLINDER
D4 CYLINDER FILLING
D4.1 Notices for cylinder filling
D5 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING STATIONS—VEHICLE FILLING AREAS
D5.1 Precautionary sign
D5.2 Driver instructions
D5.3 Emergency procedures
APPENDIX E - HAZARDOUS AREAS
APPENDIX F - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS—AUSTRALIA
F1 INTRODUCTION
F2 RESTRICTIONS
F3 LOCATION OF CAGES
F4 SIGNS AND LABELS
F5 PRIVATE TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
F6 TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS FOR TRADE USE
APPENDIX G - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS—NEW ZEALAND
G1 INTRODUCTION
G2 LOCATION OF SITE
G3 RESTRICTIONS
G4 MANAGEMENT OF CYLINDER CAGE
G5 STORAGE OF CYLINDERS WITHIN THE CAGE
G6 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
G7 SIGNS AND LABELS
APPENDIX H - DISCHARGE CAPACITY OF SAFETY VALVES
H1 INTRODUCTION
H2 TANKS
H3 VAPORIZERS
APPENDIX I - LEAKAGE TESTING OF PIPEWORK
I1 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TANK OR CYLINDER AND FIRST STAGE REGULATOR
I2 ALL OTHER PIPEWORK
I2.1 General
I2.2 Low pressure pipework
I2.3 High pressure pipework
APPENDIX J - DECANTING PROCEDURE
APPENDIX K - EMERGENCY PLANNING
K1 EMERGENCY PLANS
K1.1 General
K1.2 Premises emergency plan
K1.3 Initial advice to the emergency services
K2 DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY PLANS
APPENDIX L - MOTOR VEHICLE REFUELLING
APPENDIX M - FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M1 INTRODUCTION
M2 ASSUMPTIONS
M3 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
M4 CALCULATION OF FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M5 EVALUATION
APPENDIX N - FIRE SAFETY
APPENDIX O - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
APPENDIX P - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS FOR TRADE USE
P1 GENERAL
P2 OPEN-TYPE VEHICLES
P3 CLOSED-TYPE VEHICLES
P4 INFORMATION AND TRAINING
APPENDIX Q - IMPACT PROTECTION
Q1 GENERAL
Q2 VULNERABILITY
Q3 PROTECTION OF LP GAS INSTALLATION
Q4 IMPACT PROTECTION ASSESSMENT CALCULATION
APPENDIX R - ODOUR MANAGEMENT
R1 GENERAL
R2 DEFINITIONS
R2.1 Odorant
R2.2 Odorant concentration
R2.3 Odorant conditioning
R2.4 Odorant fade
R3 LP GAS ODORIZATION
R4 LIMITATIONS OF ODORANT
R5 MANAGEMENT OF ODOUR
R6 CONTAINERS AND PIPE WORK
R7 CONTAINER CONDITIONING
R8 TESTING
Previous versions
AS/NZS 1596:2014
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