AS/NZS 1554.6:2012
Structural steel welding - Part 6: Welding stainless steels for structural purposes
Specifies requirements for the welding of stainless steel structures made up of combinations of stainless steel plate, sheet, sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings.
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AS/NZS 1554.6:2012 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING STAINLESS STEELS FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 EXCLUSIONS
1.3 INNOVATION
1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
1.5 DEFINITIONS
1.5.1 Fabricator
1.5.2 Inspecting authority
1.5.3 Inspector
1.5.4 May
1.5.5 Principal
1.5.6 Shall
1.5.7 Should
1.6 WELD CATEGORIES AND SURFACE FINISHES
1.6.1 Weld categories
1.6.2 Surface finishes
1.6.3 Welds subject to dynamic loading
1.7 MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY
1.7.1 Quality management
1.7.2 Basic welding requirements
1.8 HEAT TREATMENT
1.9 SAFETY
1.9.1 Welding safety
1.9.2 Welding equipment
1.9.3 Pickling and passivation
1.9.4 Other hazards
SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 PARENT MATERIAL
2.3 BACKING MATERIAL
2.4 WELDING CONSUMABLES
2.4.1 Electrodes and filler metals
2.4.2 Care of electrodes and filler metals
2.4.3 Flux
2.4.4 Shielding, backing or purging gas
SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 Permissible weld types
3.1.2 Drawings
3.2 BUTT WELDS
3.2.1 Size of weld
3.2.2 Design throat thickness
3.2.3 Effective length
3.2.4 Effective area
3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
3.3 FILLET WELDS
3.3.1 Size of weld
3.3.2 Design throat thickness
3.3.3 Effective length
3.3.4 Effective area
3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
3.4.1 Description of compound weld
3.4.2 Design throat thickness (DTT)
3.5 SEAL WELDS
3.6 PLUG WELDS
3.7 SLOT WELDS
3.8 COMBINING STEEL SECTIONS
SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.1.1 General
4.1.2 Butt welds
4.1.3 Fillet welds
4.1.4 Qualification of multiple welding positions
4.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.4 PORTABILITY OF QUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.5 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
4.5.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
4.5.4 Prequalified fillet welds
4.5.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
4.6.1 Filler metals
4.6.2 Fluxes
4.6.3 Shielding, backing and purging gases
4.7 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
4.7.1 Method of qualification
4.7.2 Preparation of special test piece
4.7.3 Dimensions of test pieces
4.7.4 Macro test
4.7.5 Transverse butt tensile test
4.7.6 Bend test
4.7.7 Corrosion test
4.7.8 Determination of ferrite numbers
4.7.9 Radiography
4.7.10 Retests
4.8 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
4.9 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
4.10 RECORDS OF TESTS
4.11 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
4.12 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
4.12.1 Welding supervisor
4.12.2 Welders
SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND HANDLING
5.3 MARKING
5.4 CUTTING
5.5 FABRICATION
5.6 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
5.7 ASSEMBLY
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Alignment and dimensional tolerances of butt-welded joints
5.7.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
5.7.4 Separation of a backing material
5.8 BACKING MATERIAL
5.9 ARC ENERGY INPUT
5.10 PREHEATING AND INTERRUN CONTROL
5.11 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
5.12 TACK WELDS
5.13 INTERRUN CLEANING
5.14 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
5.15 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
5.15.1 General
5.15.2 Welding and cutting under applied stress
5.15.3 Correction of distortion
5.16 BACKGOUGING AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
5.16.1 General
5.16.2 Removal of weld metal
5.16.3 Grinding
5.16.4 Stop/Starts
5.17 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
5.18 ARC STRIKES
5.19 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
5.20 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
5.21 LEAK TEST WATER
SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
6.1 CATEGORIES OF WELDS
6.2 SURFACE FINISHES OF WELDS
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Surface Condition I-Polished
6.2.3 Surface condition II-Cleaned
6.2.4 Surface condition III-As-welded
6.2.5 Surface roughness
6.2.6 Surface discoloration
6.3 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
6.3.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
6.3.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
6.3.3 Adjacent imperfections
6.3.4 Qualifications of welding procedure by macro test and side-bend test (also see Clause 4.7)
6.4 RADIOGRAPHY
6.4.1 Method
6.4.2 Image quality indicator (IQI) sensitivity
6.4.3 Acceptance limits
6.5 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
6.5.1 Method
6.5.2 Acceptance limits
6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
6.6.1 Method
6.6.2 Acceptance limits
6.7 WELD DEFECTS
6.8 REPORTING
SECTION 7 INSPECTION
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL
APPENDIX A - NORMATIVE REFERENCES
APPENDIX B - SELECTION OF WELD CATEGORY AND SURFACE FINISH
B1 GENERAL
B2 SUB-SURFACE (INTERNAL) QUALITY
B3 SURFACE (EXTERNAL) WELD QUALITY
B3.1 General
B3.2 Class A
B3.3 Class B
B3.4 Class C
B4 SURFACE CONDITION
B4.1 General
B4.2 Surface condition I-Polished
B4.3 Surface condition II-Cleaned
B4.4 Surface condition III-As-welded
B5 SURFACE ROUGHNESS
B6 EXAMPLES
APPENDIX C - TYPICAL FORMS FOR WELDING PROCEDURES
APPENDIX D - WELDED JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D1 NOTATION FOR JOINT IDENTIFICATION
D2 NOTATION FOR DIMENSIONS, POSITIONS AND BACKING MATERIAL
D3 NOTATION FOR PROCESSES
D4 EXAMPLE
APPENDIX E - CORROSION TESTING
E1 GENERAL
E2 PITTING CORROSION TESTS (See ASTM G48)
E3 INTERGRANULAR CORROSION TESTS
E4 OTHER CORROSION TESTS
APPENDIX F - FERRITE CONTENT OF WELDS
F1 GENERAL
F2 SOLIDIFICATION CRACKING (HOT CRACKING)
F3 SCHAEFFLER, DE LONG AND WRC-1992 DIAGRAMS
F4 HIGH TEMPERATURES
F5 CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES
F6 ZERO FERRITE-SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
F7 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS
F8 FERRITE NUMBER DETERMINATION
APPENDIX G - MATTERS FOR RESOLUTION
APPENDIX H - WELDING DISSIMILAR METALS
H1 GENERAL
H2 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H3 FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H4 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEELS STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H5 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H6 ALTERNATIVE FILLER MATERIAL
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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AS/NZS 1554.6:2012 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING STAINLESS STEELS FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 EXCLUSIONS
1.3 INNOVATION
1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
1.5 DEFINITIONS
1.5.1 Fabricator
1.5.2 Inspecting authority
1.5.3 Inspector
1.5.4 May
1.5.5 Principal
1.5.6 Shall
1.5.7 Should
1.6 WELD CATEGORIES AND SURFACE FINISHES
1.6.1 Weld categories
1.6.2 Surface finishes
1.6.3 Welds subject to dynamic loading
1.7 MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY
1.7.1 Quality management
1.7.2 Basic welding requirements
1.8 HEAT TREATMENT
1.9 SAFETY
1.9.1 Welding safety
1.9.2 Welding equipment
1.9.3 Pickling and passivation
1.9.4 Other hazards
SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 PARENT MATERIAL
2.3 BACKING MATERIAL
2.4 WELDING CONSUMABLES
2.4.1 Electrodes and filler metals
2.4.2 Care of electrodes and filler metals
2.4.3 Flux
2.4.4 Shielding, backing or purging gas
SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 Permissible weld types
3.1.2 Drawings
3.2 BUTT WELDS
3.2.1 Size of weld
3.2.2 Design throat thickness
3.2.3 Effective length
3.2.4 Effective area
3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
3.3 FILLET WELDS
3.3.1 Size of weld
3.3.2 Design throat thickness
3.3.3 Effective length
3.3.4 Effective area
3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
3.4.1 Description of compound weld
3.4.2 Design throat thickness (DTT)
3.5 SEAL WELDS
3.6 PLUG WELDS
3.7 SLOT WELDS
3.8 COMBINING STEEL SECTIONS
SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.1.1 General
4.1.2 Butt welds
4.1.3 Fillet welds
4.1.4 Qualification of multiple welding positions
4.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.4 PORTABILITY OF QUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
4.5 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
4.5.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
4.5.4 Prequalified fillet welds
4.5.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
4.6.1 Filler metals
4.6.2 Fluxes
4.6.3 Shielding, backing and purging gases
4.7 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
4.7.1 Method of qualification
4.7.2 Preparation of special test piece
4.7.3 Dimensions of test pieces
4.7.4 Macro test
4.7.5 Transverse butt tensile test
4.7.6 Bend test
4.7.7 Corrosion test
4.7.8 Determination of ferrite numbers
4.7.9 Radiography
4.7.10 Retests
4.8 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
4.9 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
4.10 RECORDS OF TESTS
4.11 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
4.12 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
4.12.1 Welding supervisor
4.12.2 Welders
SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND HANDLING
5.3 MARKING
5.4 CUTTING
5.5 FABRICATION
5.6 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
5.7 ASSEMBLY
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Alignment and dimensional tolerances of butt-welded joints
5.7.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
5.7.4 Separation of a backing material
5.8 BACKING MATERIAL
5.9 ARC ENERGY INPUT
5.10 PREHEATING AND INTERRUN CONTROL
5.11 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
5.12 TACK WELDS
5.13 INTERRUN CLEANING
5.14 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
5.15 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
5.15.1 General
5.15.2 Welding and cutting under applied stress
5.15.3 Correction of distortion
5.16 BACKGOUGING AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
5.16.1 General
5.16.2 Removal of weld metal
5.16.3 Grinding
5.16.4 Stop/Starts
5.17 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
5.18 ARC STRIKES
5.19 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
5.20 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
5.21 LEAK TEST WATER
SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
6.1 CATEGORIES OF WELDS
6.2 SURFACE FINISHES OF WELDS
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Surface Condition I-Polished
6.2.3 Surface condition II-Cleaned
6.2.4 Surface condition III-As-welded
6.2.5 Surface roughness
6.2.6 Surface discoloration
6.3 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
6.3.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
6.3.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
6.3.3 Adjacent imperfections
6.3.4 Qualifications of welding procedure by macro test and side-bend test (also see Clause 4.7)
6.4 RADIOGRAPHY
6.4.1 Method
6.4.2 Image quality indicator (IQI) sensitivity
6.4.3 Acceptance limits
6.5 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
6.5.1 Method
6.5.2 Acceptance limits
6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
6.6.1 Method
6.6.2 Acceptance limits
6.7 WELD DEFECTS
6.8 REPORTING
SECTION 7 INSPECTION
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL
APPENDIX A - NORMATIVE REFERENCES
APPENDIX B - SELECTION OF WELD CATEGORY AND SURFACE FINISH
B1 GENERAL
B2 SUB-SURFACE (INTERNAL) QUALITY
B3 SURFACE (EXTERNAL) WELD QUALITY
B3.1 General
B3.2 Class A
B3.3 Class B
B3.4 Class C
B4 SURFACE CONDITION
B4.1 General
B4.2 Surface condition I-Polished
B4.3 Surface condition II-Cleaned
B4.4 Surface condition III-As-welded
B5 SURFACE ROUGHNESS
B6 EXAMPLES
APPENDIX C - TYPICAL FORMS FOR WELDING PROCEDURES
APPENDIX D - WELDED JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
D1 NOTATION FOR JOINT IDENTIFICATION
D2 NOTATION FOR DIMENSIONS, POSITIONS AND BACKING MATERIAL
D3 NOTATION FOR PROCESSES
D4 EXAMPLE
APPENDIX E - CORROSION TESTING
E1 GENERAL
E2 PITTING CORROSION TESTS (See ASTM G48)
E3 INTERGRANULAR CORROSION TESTS
E4 OTHER CORROSION TESTS
APPENDIX F - FERRITE CONTENT OF WELDS
F1 GENERAL
F2 SOLIDIFICATION CRACKING (HOT CRACKING)
F3 SCHAEFFLER, DE LONG AND WRC-1992 DIAGRAMS
F4 HIGH TEMPERATURES
F5 CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES
F6 ZERO FERRITE-SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
F7 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS
F8 FERRITE NUMBER DETERMINATION
APPENDIX G - MATTERS FOR RESOLUTION
APPENDIX H - WELDING DISSIMILAR METALS
H1 GENERAL
H2 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H3 FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H4 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEELS STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H5 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS TO STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL
H6 ALTERNATIVE FILLER MATERIAL
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Previous versions
AS/NZS 1554.6:2012
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.